| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
| describe Choanoflagellates body form (3 features) | collar, flagellum, barrel shaped body |
| choanoflagellate reproduction is | both asexual and sexual |
| choanoflagellates are (2 things) eukaryotes | choanoflagellates are free-living unicellular colonial flagellate eukaryotes |
| what is this? | colony of choanoflagellates |
| porifera are ___ as adults but ___ as juveniles | sessile, larval |
| how does proifera feed? | mostly through hydraulic suspension feeding (can capture up to 90% of bacteria), some symbiotic, some carnivorous (zooplankton) |
| what are choanocytes/collar cells? | small pores of specialized feeding cells which pump water into sponge |
| does porifera have a specialized gut? | NO - have an interconnected system of water canals |
| does porifera have nerve or muscle tissue? | NO |
| does porifera have connective tissue? | YES - have a collagen like substance |
| does porifera have epithelial tissue? | NO - has protoepithelia (located on outer surface but has no true epithelial tissue bc it has holes) |
| what is the reproductive mode of porifera? | most sexual hermaphrodites that use broadcast spawning but some can reproduce asexually |
| 3 features of choanocytes? | flagellum, collar, cell body |
| 3 purposes of choanocytes | 1. Create water current through sponge
• bring in food
• bring in oxygen
• expel waste products (CO2, NH3) • disperse gametes
2. Food capture (and phagocytosis)
•food brought to mesohle
3. Sperm capture: within a sponge sperm packets are endocytosed, and sperm is endocytosed (released) to the mesohyle (the gelatinous matrix within a sponge) where fertilization takes place
can differentiate btwn food & sperm when both brought to mesohyle |
| what are the 4 main sponge cell types and structures? | 1. porocyte
2. archaeocyte
3. pinacocyte
4. spicules |
| what is the function of a porocyte? what group does it belong to? | porifera - form pores through the outer wall |
| what is the function of a archaeocyte? what group does it belong to? | porifera - totipotent cells that can change into all of the other types of sponge cells, with a large nucleus and undifferentiated shape
also do:
1. Food digestion (after lysis)
2. Storage of nutrients
3. Differentiate into gametes
4. Secrete skeletal elements
• calcareous spicules
• siliceous spicules
• spongin |
| what is the function of a pinacocyte? what group does it belong to? | porifera - Form the pinacoderm, a layer of cells that cover the external surfaces of sponges |
| what is the function of a spicules? what group does it belong to? | porifera - hard calcareous or siliceous
bodies within the tissue of sponges
(and other invertebrates) - gives rigidity and is sharp for predator deterrent |
| what is the function of spongin? | collagen-like material that forms fibers that form a flexible network in place of muscles |
| 3 classes of porifera? | 1. calcarea (CaCO3 spicules)
2. hexactinellida (siliceous spicules - glass sponges) - think haxa=6 -> 6 sides crystalline structure
3. demospongiae (have siliceous spicules and/or extensive spongin structure) - think demo=people -> sponges people use at home |
