| Amino acids | Are the building blocks of protein |
| Anabolism | When the body is building more tissue then its breaking down |
| Basal metabolic rate(BMR) | Energy that maintains necessary, involuntary body functions |
| Body mass index(BMI) | Number calculated from a persons weight and height |
| Catabolism | Insufficient protein is being taken in and the body is breaking down more tissue than its building |
| Cholesterol | Lipid belonging to a class of chemical substances called sterols |
| Dietary fiber | Foods that humans cannot break down(digest) |
| Dumping syndrome | A portion or all the stomach is removed(possible after surgery) |
| Enteral nutrition | Administration of nutrients into the GI tract |
| Essential nutrition | Nutrients that the body cannot make in the amounts essential for good health |
| Glycogen | The stored form of carbohydrates |
| Hydrogenation | Process in which hydrogen is added to a fat of veggie origin(unsaturated) to make it more saturated or solid |
| Kilocalorie (KCAL) | Is a measurement of energy |
| Lipids | Organic substances of a fatty nature that are insoluble in water and necessary for good health |
| Lipoproteins | Molecules made bty lipids surrounded by protein |
| Medical nutrition therapy | The use of a specific nutritional variations to build good health |
| Nitrogen balance | Amount of nitrogen(protein) taken in is equal to the amount of nitrogen excreted in the urine |
| Nutrient | Chemical compound or element necessary for good health that is found in food |
| Nutrient-dense foods | Foods that contain large amounts of nutrients in relation to kilocalories |
| Obesity | An excess of adipose tissue or body fat above the level considered healthy |
| Parenteral nutrition | Iv feedings |
| Pernicious anemia | Progressive megaloblastic anemia |
| Residue | Waste in the GI tract |
| Satiety | A feeling of fullness and satisfaction from food |
| Therapeutic diet | Diet used as a medical treatment |
| Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) | When parenteral nutrition administered through large central vein |
| Tube feeding | Administration of nutritionally balanced, liquified foods or formula through a tube inserted into the stomach, duodenum, or the jejunum by way of a nasogastric tube or an ostomy |
| Vegan | Excludes all animal products |
