| Communication | Exchange of information |
| One-way communication | Limited use in nurse-patient relationship (lecture to a large group) |
| Two-way communication | Requires the sender and receiver participate |
| Verbal communication | Involves use of spoken or written words or symbols |
| Connotative meaning | Word is subjective and reflect individuals perception or interpretation |
| Jargon | Common place (language) Terminology unique to people in a particular work setting such as (hospital setting) |
| Nonverbal communication | Message transmits without use of words(eye contact, physical appearance, use of touch) |
| Gestures | Movements people use to emphasize the idea of attempting to communicate |
| Posture | The way an individual sits, stands and moves |
| Open posture | Conveys a willingness to communicate with another person |
| Closed Posture | Dose not convey willingness to communicate |
| Assertiveness | One’s ability to confidently and comfortably express through feelings (still respecting legitimate rights of patient) |
| Assertive communication | Interaction that considers feelings and needs of patient(still honers nurses rights) |
| Unassertive communication | Nurse agrees to do what patient requests even though creates additional problems for the nurse (not agressive) |
| Therapeutic communication | Exchange of information that facilitates the information of a positive nurse-patient relationship |
| Nontherapeutic communication | Blocks the development of trusting and therapeutic relationshp |
| Active listening | Requires full attention to what the patient is saying |
| Passive listening | Listening to the speaker is indicated either nonverbally, eye contact, nodding, verbally through encouraging phrases (uh-huh, i see) |
| Minimal encouragement | Subtle therapeutic teaching that communicates to the patient that the nurse is interested and the nurse wants to hear more. (Indicates acceptance) |
| Closed question | Focused and seeks a particular answer. (A specific question w/ spacific answer) |
| Open-ended question | Do not require specific response, allows patient to elaborate freely |
| Restating | Nurse repeats to patient what is to believed to be the main point that the patient is trying to convey (way of letting patient know nurse is listening) |
| Paraphrasing | Restatement of the patients message in the nurses own words in attempt to verify that the nurse has interpreted the patients message correctly |
| Clarifying | Restating the patients message in a mannor that asks patient to verify that the message received is accurate |
| Focusing | Communication technique used when more specific information is needed to accurately understand the patients message |
| Reflecting | Like restating(involves feelings and thoughts more then facts) |
| Altered cognition | Another physiologic factor that frequently hinders effective communication |
| Expressive aphasia | Patient is unable to send the desired verbal message |
| Receptive aphasia | Inability to recognize or interpret the verbal message being received |
| Aggressive communication | Occurs when an individual interacts with another in an overpowering and forceful manner to meet ones personal needs at the expense of the other |
| Denotative meaning | Commonly accepted definition of particular word |
| Receiver | Person or people to whom the message is conveyed |
| Sender | The person who conveys the message |
