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level: Level 1 of Lesson 12 Mobility: Activity and Exercise

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 of Lesson 12 Mobility: Activity and Exercise

Question	Answer
The ability to move freely, easily, rhythmically, and purposefully in the environment, is an essential part of living. Is vital to independence; a fully ??? person is as vulnerable and dependent as an infant. Influences self-esteem and body image.	Mobility
Normal movement and stability are the result:	1. an intact musculoskeletal system 2. an intact nervous system 3. intact inner ear structures responsible for equilibrium
Normal movement and stability are the result: 1	an intact musculoskeletal system
Normal movement and stability are the result: 2	an intact nervous system
Normal movement and stability are the result: 3	intact inner ear structures responsible for equilibrium
Body movement requires:	coordinated muscle activity and neurologic integration.
Normal movement or body movement involves four basic elements:	1. Body alignment and posture 2. Joint mobility 3. Balance 4. Coordinated movement
Normal movement or body movement involves four basic elements: 1	Body alignment and posture
Normal movement or body movement involves four basic elements: 2	Joint mobility
Normal movement or body movement involves four basic elements: 3	balance
Normal movement or body movement involves four basic elements: 4	Coordinated movement
Promotes balance, reduces strain and injury. Promotes efficient circulatory, renal, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal functions. Influences self-esteem and body image.	Alignment and posture
Alignment and posture: A person maintains balance as long as the?	line of gravity passes through the center of gravity and the base of support.
Alignment and posture: is important for:	client comfort prevention of contractures promotion of circulation reduces stress on muscle, tendons, nerves, and joints Prevention of foot drop (plantar flexion)
Alignment and Posture: Muscle tone: is a condition characterized by the presence of a lesser degree of tone or tension. In cellular level, this may pertain to a property of a solution with a comparatively lower concentration of solutes relative to the amount of solutes in another solution.	Hypotonicity
Alignment and posture: Muscle tone: is a condition in which there is an abnormal increase in muscle tone or stiffness of a muscle, which might interfere with movement, speech, or be associated with discomfort or pain. Is usually caused by damage to nerve pathways within the brain or spinal cord that control muscle movement	Spasticity
Alignment and posture: Muscle shape: Is an increase and growth of muscle cells Refers to an increase in muscular size achieved through exercise.	Hypertrophy
Alignment and posture: Muscle shape: Decrease in size of a body part, cell, organ, or other tissue. The tern implies that the affected part was of a size normal for the individual, considering age and circumstance, prior to the diminution.	Atrophy
A patient with a long history of arthritis complains of sensitivity and warmth in the knees. To determine the degree of limitation, the nurse should assess: a. posture b. activity tolerance c. body mechanics d. range of joint motion	d
The degree to which an articulation is allowed to move before being restricted by surrounding tissues	Joint mobility
(of a joint) Is the maximum movement that is possible for that joint Varies from individual to individual determined by genetic makeup, developmental patterns, the presence or absence of disease, and the amount of physical activity in which the persona normally engages	The range of motion
Types of Joint Movements:	Flexion Extension Hyperextension Abduction Adduction Rotation Circumduction Eversion Inversion Pronation Supination
Types of Joint Movements: Decreasing the angle of the joint (e.g., bending the elbow)	Flexion
Types of Joint Movements: Increasing the angle of the joint (e.g., straightening the arm at the elbow)	Extension
Types of Joint Movements: Further extension or straightening of a joint (e.g., bending the head backward).	Hyperextension
Types of Joint Movements: Movement of the bone away from the midline of the body	Abduction
Types of Joint Movements: Movement of the bone toward the midline of the body	Adduction
Types of Joint Movements: Movement of the bone around its central axis	Rotation
Types of Joint Movements: Movement of the distal part of the bone in a circle while the proximal and remains fixed	Circumduction
Types of Joint Movements: Turning the side of the foot outward by moving the ankle joint	Eversion
Types of Joint Movements: Turning the side of the foot inward by moving the ankle joint	Inversion
Types of Joint Movements: Moving the bones of the forearm so that the palm of the hand faces downward when held in front of the body	Pronation
Types of Joint Movements: Moving the bones of the forearm so that the palm of the hand faces upward when held in front of the body	Supination