| Name the first 10 alkanes | Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane
Pentane
Hexane
Heptane
Octane
Nonane
Decane |
| Aliphatic hydrocarbons | The carbons are joined together in straight or branches chains.
CnH2n+2 |
| The Alicyclic hydrocarbons | The carbons are joined in ring structure. CnH2n |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons | Benzene ring |
| How to name organic compounds | 1. identify the suffix such ane is alkane
2. look at the longest carbon chain to workout the stem
3. identify the side chains
4. side chain , stem suffix |
| prefix and suffix for alkene , alchohol, haloalkane,aldehyde, ketone | alkene - ene
alcholol - ol p= hydroxyl
haloalkane - chloro,bromo,iodo
aldehyde - al
ketone - one |
| What is empirical formula | the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound |
| How to do empirical formula | by mass/mr
find the molor ratio and divide by the smallest number |
| molecular formula | the actual numbers of atoms of each element in molecule |
| General formula for alkanes | CnH2n+2 |
| Alkenes general formula | CnH2n |
| General formula for alchohols | CnH2n+2 O |
| What is structural isomerism | when molecules share the same molecular fomula but different structural formula
(branching , positioning ) |
