| What is Respiration? | -This simply is just Gaining Energy from Breaking down Glucose, or other Organic Molecules [That has Carbon]
-This is a Universal Chemical Process. |
| What is ATP? | -The Energy from Respiration can not be Used Directly by Cells - so it makes ATP, a Substance that just Stores the Energy until its Needed |
| Why does Temperature and Enzymes affect Respiration? | -Respiration is Controlled by Enzymes - and Changing the Temperature/pH will Change how the Enzymes will Behave. |
| How is Respiration an Exothermic Reaction? | -Respiration has Energy Transferred to the Heat - the Surroundings Gain Energy [That's why ATP is Made] |
| What is Aerobic Respiration? How Efficient is it? State the Formula for Aerobic Respiration | -This simply is Respiration that Involves Oxygen, due to the 'Aerobic' in it which just means 'With Oxygen'
-32 ATP is made from Aerobic Respiration which is very Efficient
-Glucose + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water |
| What happens when you Exercise in terms of Respiration? | -Exercising, shockingly, needs more Energy because the Muscles are being Used More
-So if more Energy is Needed, then the Rate of Respiration will Have to Increase to Match this Demand.
-Breathing Rate Increases to get More Oxygen inside the Body, and the Heart Rate Increases to have the Blood with Oxygen to the Muscles Faster |
| Explain the Practical that has you measure Heart Rate after Exercise. | -First: Record your Heart Rate from Rest.
-Then do some Exercise with a Set Time & Intensity.
-When you have Finished the Exercise - Record your Heat Rate
-Then, Time how long it Takes to go from Heart Rate just after Exercise to Rest. This is your Recovery Time.
-Now Repeat above but Add more Workouts or Increase the Time, to see a Change.
-Remember, make sure, if Multiple People are doing it, that they are doing the SAME Exercise for the SAME Amount of Time |
| What is Anaerobic Respiration? How Efficient is it? State its Formula for Animals and Plants. | -'An' in 'Anaerobic' changes the Meaning to With Oxygen to Without Oxygen in Respiration.
-This results in only 2 ATP being Made - so its very Inefficient.
-Glucose --> Lactic Acid [For ANIMALS]
-Glucose --> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide [For PLANTS & FUNGI] [This is Fermentation |
| How may Anaerobic Respiration Happen for Animals? | -When Massive and Extravagant Exercise is Done, the Body may not be Able to Supply the Demand from the Muscles. In other words, Oxygen can't be Supplied Fast Enough
-So Glucose is Partially Broken down to Lactic Acid which releases Some, but not a Lot of Energy. |
| Why is Lactic Acid bad and/or Good? What happens to Lactic Acid when Aerobic Respiration has Taken Place? | -Lactic Acid, if Built up, will become Painful to Deal with. This will make your Muscles Worn Out and be Painful.
-However, least you can still Use your Muscles.
-And when Aerobic Respiration has Taken Control, the Lactic Acid will be Broken down by Oxygen [Hence why you Breath Heavily after a Violent Exercise] |
| How may Anaerobic Respiration Happen for Plants & Fungi? | -Simply, when there just is Little to None Oxygen - like a Waterlogged Soil. |
| Differences between Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration in Terms of:
1. Conditions
2. Substrate
3. Products
4. Energy Transferred | 1. Aerobic has Oxygen Present while Anaerobic happens Without Oxygen. Simple
2. Aerobic and Anaerobic use Organic Molecules, like Glucose
3. Aerobic makes Carbon Dioxide and Water whilst Anaerobic makes Lactic Acid for Animals, and Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide in Plants
4. Aerobic makes 32 ATP and Anaerobic makes 2 ATP. Clear Difference |
| Explain a Practical that Proves that Carbon Dioxide is made from Aerobic Respiration? | -You want to use Hydrogen-Carbonate Solution which is an Indicator which changes from Red to Yellow when CO2 is Present
-Then, soak Dry Beans until they Germinate, which lead to them Respiring
-Then also Boil some other Beans, Effectively killing them leading to No Respiration
-Now, with the Germinating Seeds, place in a Tube with the Indicator - and after an Hour [ish] the Indictor will go Yellow
-The Dead Beans in a Tube with the Indictor will have it stay Red. So there we Have it - Respiration makes Carbon Dioxide. |
| Explain a Practical that Proves that Respiration is an Exothermic Reaction? | -Make 2 Sets of Beans [Can be Any Organism keep in Mind] which has 1 Dead and 1 Germinating [Word just means beginning to Grow]
-Put them in Separate Flasks, which has a Thermometer and the Top is Sealed via Cotton Wool
-The Flask with the Germinating Beans will have the Thermometer's Temperature go Up.
-And the Flask with the Dead Beans will have No Change to the Thermometers' Temperature. Done. |
