| background for pillavin | bystanders apathy - lack of concern, interest or enthusiasm to help
diffusion of responsibility - people are less likely to help when others are present so the responsibility is shared
Pluralistic ignorance - people can be misled by the bhv of others in an emergency situations |
| background for pillavin | bystanders apathy - lack of concern, interest or enthusiasm to help
diffusion of responsibility - people are less likely to help when others are present so the responsibility is shared
Pluralistic ignorance - people can be misled by the bhv of others in an emergency situations |
| Milgram's participants | 40 males (20-50) New Haven |
| What type of sampling was Milgram's study | Volunteering thought the study was on memory |
| Aim of Milgram's study | What level of obedience would be shown with an authority figure |
| What is a summary of the procedure for M's | Yale university - prestigous setting
Participants met and drew would be the teacher/learner
The learned strapped mr wallace to the shock generator and learner was told to read word pairs that mr wallace had to respond to. Wrong answer = shock. 15v to 450v
at 300 he showed severe distress and learner was prodded to continue |
| results for M's | 65% to 450 v
100% to 300v
displays of nervous laughter
digging fingers into hand
3 had a seizure |
| Evaluation for miligram | S- high control so increased validity and they geniunely believed so no demand characterisitcs
both qual and quan
W- deception |
| Behaviour is measured by | observational methods |
| Participants on Pillavin | Train passengers racial composition 45% black and 55% white = 4450 men and women |
| The aim of the Pillavin study | investigate factors that affect people's action of helping |
| Procedure for pil | Victim condition- sober/drunk /ill
victim race- black or white
Model position- critical area / adjacent area
Model timing - 70 seconds or 150 seconds
cr 70 cr 150 ad 70 ad 150 |
| Background for Miligram | Nazi's following Hitler |
| results for pillavin | more male helpers( 90%)
65% HELPed were white
women said it s for men to help him
95% helped |
| Pillavin Evaluation | cost reward model
eco valid
large sample size - generalise
debrief/deception |
| background for Pillavin (p=preston=train) | kitty genovese - stabbed infront of a block of flats
bystanders apathy , pilustic ignorance,diffusion of responsibility |
| Levine aim | what affects helping |
| Levine method | quasi experiment
iv was naturally occuring |
| Levine's participants | 1198 - 23 different countries - |
| Procedure for Levine | 1. dropped pen
2. hurt leg
3.blind person crossing the road
particpinats had to pass a prederminded line to be recorded |
| community variables for levine | population size and pace of life |
| results FOR L | rio- brazils -1st
Kuala lampur - malaysia -last |
| Levine evaluation | s- eco v
w- reliability |
| Bochiaro b=blower whistle blower | 8 pilot studies in ansterdam |
| pptps bochiaro | 92 in 8 pilot and 149 in main university of Amsterdam |
| bochiaro vs miligram | more ethical
shows an authority figure doesn't always have an affect on obedience |
| procedure boc | sensory deprivation
asked to write a letter to convince the reseach comittee
left 3 mins alone to think
7 mins for the task
wrote= obedient refused = diso reported =wb
given two personality tests of HEXACO AND DECOMPOSED GAMES |
| results for boc | 9.4% wb BUT 37.3% EXPECTED
76.5% were obedient
personality test shows no sig dif |
| background for pillavin | bystanders apathy - lack of concern, interest or enthusiasm to help
diffusion of responsibility - people are less likely to help when others are present so the responsibility is shared
Pluralistic ignorance - people can be misled by the bhv of others in an emergency situations |
| What is the cost reward model in pillavin | in emergencies bystanders are emotionally aroused
arousal can be increased by empathy being close to the siutation , self blame or decreased by leaving the scene or danger
you weigh up the rewards and costs of helping |
