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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
organ system that recognizes foreign objects	immune system
organ system that makes antigens harmless	immune system
foreign object of biological origin	antigen
organ system that recognizes abnormal cells	immune system
coating antigen so it cannot bind to host cells	neutralization
process of walling off foreign objects	granuloma formation
when a WBC engulfs a foreign object	phagocytosis
when a cell is split open	lysis
uses antibodies to direct cells to attach antigen	ADCC
resistance to disease	immunity
first line of defense, but without memory or specificity	innate immunity
immunity mediated by B and T cells	adaptive immunity
organ system that returns fluids to blood	lymphatic system
organ system used to transport dietary fats	lymphatic system
liquid component of blood	plasma
fluid between cells in tissues	interstitial (tissue) fluid
fluid in the lymphatic system	lymph
accumulation of fluids in tissues	edema
blockage of lymph vessels by roundworms	filariasis
smallest lymph vessels that collect fluids	lymph capillaries
take lymph towards lymph nodes	afferent lymph vessels
tale lymph away from lymph nodes	efferent lymph vessels
lymph nodes located in the armpit region	axillary
blood vesselx into which lymph drains	subclavian vein (left & right)
lymph vessels associated with villi	lacteals
plasma protein that osmotically retains H2O	albumen
lymphatic structures that houses WBCs	lymph nodes
reason for lymphatic transport of dietary fats	bypass liver
lymph nodes that drain the mammary glands	axillary
palpable nodes	cervical, axillary, epitrochlear & popliteal
a damaging immune reaction to a harmless object	hypersensitivity
an immune reaction against self-molecules	autoimmunity
an inadequate or insufficient immune response	immunodeficiencies
immune response against grafts & transplants	transplant rejection
antigens that cause hypersensitivities	allergens
IgE-mediated hypersensitivity	type I hypersensitivity
T-cell mediated hypersensitivity	type IV hypersensitivity
during sensitization, produced IgE bind to these immune cells	mast cells
mediates the early response during type I hypersensitivity	histamine
mediates the late response during type I hypersensitivity	leukotrienes
alleviates symptoms of the early allergic response	antihistamine
alleviates symptoms of the late allergic response	NSAIDs
life threatening systemic hypersensitivity	anaphylaxis
antibody class associated with type I hypersensitivity	IgE
a dysfunction resulting in more frequent / persistent infection	immunodeficiency
immunodeficiency you are born with	congenital immunodeficiency
immunodeficiency obtained during one’s life	acquired immunodeficiency
a virus that can cause immunodeficiency	human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
organ in which T cells learn self-tolerance	thymus
allows the thymus to express peripheral tissue antigens	autoimmune regulator (AIRE)
cell suicide	apoptosis