| Brucellosis is bacteria infection contracted from due to unpasturised dairy products. what is the microscopic characteristic of the organism involved? | Brucella species: gram negative coccobacillus. occupational disease of vets. |
| incubation period of Brucela sp | 5days-several weeks. presents an undulating fever pattern. |
| various sp of brucella include | B. abortus: cattle and buffalomost important cause of human brucellosis in Uk
B melitensis: sheep and goat: malta and mediterranean fever and potentia agent for bio terrorism.
B Suis : pigs: common in swine rearing areas in US.
B. Canis: dog: common in dog handlers.Treat with Minocycline and streptomycin. |
| virulence factors of Brucella | Lippopolysaccharide. |
| clinical presentation of Brucella infection | acute infection is non specific and chronic infection in incompletely treated patients.
duration of illness: weeks- months. |
| lab diagnosis | blood culture:
serolgicall: four-fold rise in titre and 1:640 or more i acute disease.
ELISA
in animal: atibody in milk by milk ring test and rose bengal test. |
| treatment | gold standard: doxycycline plus streptomycin
gentamycin for 3-4 wks
doxycycline plus rifapin for 4-6wks
rifampin plus cipro: who therapy.
relapse is common on therapy with singe dose. |
| primary prevention | minimal exposure and pasturisation of dairy product. vaccinatio for animals. no vaccine for humans. |
