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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
What is the border where the superior and inferior mediastinum are divided	Sternal angle anteriorly and T4/T5 posteiorly
What are the contents of the superior mediastinum	Great vessels → Arches of the aorta like brachiocephalic artery and superior vena cava Trachea Oesophagus Thymus
What are the contents of the inferior anterior mediastinum	Thymus
What are the contents of the inferior middle mediastinum	Heart Great blood vessels Pericardium
What are the contents of the inferior posterior mediastinum	Oesophagus Descending thoracic aorta Sympathetic trunk
What are the different arches of aorta	Brachiocephalic trunk → supplying the right side of the head and neck and the right upper limb Left Common Carotid Artery → to the left side of the head and neck Left Subclavian artery → to the left upper limb
What forms the majority of the anterior border of the heart	Right ventricle
What part of the heart does the left ventricle form	Apex of the heart and diaphragmatic border
What is the tough CT layer covering the heart	Fibrous Pericardium
What are the different layers of the Serous Pericardium	Parietal , Pericardial cavity and visceral layer ( epicardium )
What is the nerve supply of the phrenic nerve	C3-C5
What muscle holds the valves in place and if damage can lead to valve incompetence	Papillary muscles
What is the function of the fibrous skeleton	Fibrous Tissue prevents free conduction of electrical signal from atria to ventricle Support of the valves as well
What does the left circumflex coronary artery supply	Supplies the left atrium and ventricle
What does the anterior intraventricular artery supply	Right and left ventricles and 2/3 of the anterior septum
What does the Posterior interventricular artery supply	AV node
What is the dominant coronary artery	Right coronary artery
What does left marginal artery supply	Left ventricle
What nerve supplies the parasympathetic NS to the heart	Vagus nerve ( CN X )
What nerve roots supplies the sympathetic NS to the heart	T1-T4 part of the sympathetic chain