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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
Single fibre necrosis, regeneration + Increased central nucleation + type 2 fibre atrophy so Type 1 fibre predominance & moth-eaten’ fibres + – ‘finger-print’, ‘zebra body’	Myopathic
METABOLIC MYOPATHIES :vacuolation at periphery of muscle fibre & prominent subsarcolemmal clumping of abnormal mitochondria &‘Ragged red’ fibres	Mitochondrial myopathies
Symptoms usually < 6 years fatigu ,Mental retardation ,Muscle weakness ,Frequent falls & difficulty in walking Type 1 fibre predominance	Muscular dystrophies
Dysferlinopathy and splitting fibers indicate	Limb girdle muscular dystrophy
Duchenne-Becker dystroph caused by	absence of dystrophin
Benign Tumours of muscle Common in the uterus	leiomyoma
malignant Tumours of muscle Blood stream spread is common &Metastasis to lung	Leiomyosarcoma
localized injury to nerve - Axon distal to the injury will rapidly degenerate & -Proximal segment regenerates	Wallerian degeneration
injury to the myelin sheath with preservation of axons cause	Segmental demyelination
generalized injuries to nerve cell bodies or axons,Axonal degeneration starts in more distal part of the axon and progressively extend to the proximal parts	Distal axonal degeneration
most common hereditary peripheral neuropathy	Charcot-Marie Tooth (CMT) disease
Distal muscle weakness, atrophy of the calf at Childhood & Autosomal dominant	Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathies
caused by Repeated segmental demyelination and remyelination	Schwannian “Onion-Bulb” Proliferation
Benign Neoplasms of peripheral nerves Associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia	neurofibroma
Benign Neoplasms of peripheral nerves + Circumscribed mass attached to the nerve , densely cellular areas with nuclear pallisading & Verocay bodies	schwannoma
Malignant Neoplasms of peripheral nerves composed of spindle shaped cells. Mitosis are increased ,Necrosis of tumour is common	malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour