| What species causes Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) in fish? | Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas Sobria. |
| What are the clinical signs of acute Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS)? | Exophthalmia, reddening of the skin, accumulation of the fluid in the scale’s pockets and the abdominal cavity. |
| What are the clinical signs of chronic Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS)? | Severe tail and fin rot, focal hemorrhages and dermal ulceration. |
| How to treat Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS)? | Sulfamerazine at 264 mg/kg of feed for 3 days, prolonged bath treatments of potassium permanganate at 2 to 4 mg/L and egg disinfection with acriflavine at 500-700 ppm for 15 minutes. |
| What species causes Vibriosis in fish? | Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio salmonicida, Vibrio
carchariae and Vibrio cholerae. |
| What are the clinical signs of Vibriosis? | Red spots on ventral and lateral areas, anemia, eye lesion, paleness of gills, fins rot and dermal hemorrhages. |
| How to treat Vibriosis? | Sulphamerazine at 12g/100lb of fish/day for three days followed by 7g/100lb of fish/day for 11 days, intraperitoneal injection of formalin and avoidant of stress factors and good biosecurity practices. |
| What causes Lymphocystis in fish? | Iridovirus known as Lymphocystivirus or Lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV). |
| What are the clinical signs of Lymphocystis? | Appearance of small to moderate-sized, wart-like nodules in fins, skin and gills, exophthalmia, abnormal swimming and breathing pattern. |
| How to treat Lymphocystis? | Good husbandry (good water quality, good nutrition, optimal population densities) and elimination of stressors can help the disease to resolve on their own. |
| What causes White Spot Disease? | Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. |
| What are the clinical signs of White Spot Disease? | Appearance of small, white spots on the skin, gills, fins and cornea of the eye, loss of appetite and abnormal hiding behavior. |
| How to treat White Spot Disease? | A short bath of sodium chloride at a level of 1.5 to 2.5% for 10 to 30 minutes/week, long bath of acriflavin/acriflavin hydrochloride at 10 ppm for 3 to 20 days and maintaining a proper management of system. |
| What causes Brachiomycosis in fish? | Branchiomyces sanguinis and Branchiomyces demigrans. |
| What are the clinical signs of Brachiomycosis? | Weak movement, development of fungus in or on gill tissue and gill may appear red due to impaired circulation. |
| How to treat Brachiomycosis? | Malachite green at 0.1 mg/L for extended periods of time or 0.3 mg/L for 12 hours. |
| What causes Columnaris in fish? | Flavobacterium columnare or previously known as Flexibacter columnaris. |
| What are the clinical signs of Columnaris? | White spots on mouth, edges of scale and fins with brown to yellowish-brown lesions, a cottony growth on the mouth and the appearance of saddle on the back. |
| How to treat Columnaris? | Bath of potassium permanganate at 5 mg/L for 1 hour, bath of malachite green at 0.1 mg/L for 30-96 hours. |
