| median, paramedian, lateral | What are the VF paralysis positions? |
| close to midline or in the closed position | Definition of Median |
| slightly open position | Define paramedian |
| farthest from midline and in the open position | Define lateral |
| Problem.. 1VF cannot adduct (close)
Position... 1VF remains open | Unilateral Adductor Palsy. What is the problem and what position is it in? |
| Problem... 1VF cannot abduct (open)
Position... 1VF remains closed | Unilateral Abductor Palsy. What is the problem and what position is it in? |
| breathy and reduced loudness | What does a patient with unilateral adductor palsy sound like? |
| hoarse, harsh and diplophonia | what does someone with unilateral abductor palsy sound like? |
| Problem... VFs cannot adduct (close)
Position.. VFs are open | Bilateral Adductor Palsy. What is the problem and position? |
| Problem... VFs cannot abduct (open)
Position... VFs are closed | Bilateral Abductor Palsy. What is the problem and position? |
| aphonic | how does a patient with bilateral adductor palsy sound? |
| dyspnea, stridor and respiratory distress | how does a patient with bilateral abductor palsy sound? |
| action induced or a task specific disorder
the muscles and structures are normal at rest but move inappropriately with actions | what is spastic dysarthria? how do the muscles and structures look/move? |
| psychogenic | what is the old therapy of spastic dysarthria? |
| neurogenic, abnormal basal ganglia | what is the new theory of spastic dysarthria? |
| Problem... involuntary VF abduction
Vocal quality... reduced loudness, pitch breaks, breathy, occasional aphonia | Abductor Spasmodic Dysphonia. Problem and how do they present? |
| Problem... tight and prolonged over adduction of the vocal folds
Vocal quality... strain/struggle, choked | Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia. Problem and how do they present? |
| Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD) | what disorder is most commonly known to be treated with botox injections? |
| 1. hysterical (conversation) aphonia
2. muscle tension dysphonia (MTD)
3. mutational falsetto | what are three psychogenic voice disorders (functional vice disorders)? |
| abnormal voice but normal laryngeal structures... relies on psychologists and behavioral therapy | what is a psychogenic voice disorders (functional voice disorders)? |
| loss is sudden or gradual after a traumatic/emotional event.
significantly affects the person's quality of life | What is hysterical aphonia? |
| over-activity of the head and neck muscles during phonation and incoordination of laryngeal muscles. The patient can sound very high pitched, with a strained/struggling vocal quality | what is muscle tension dysphonia? |
| similar to puberphonia BUT the larynx grows correctly | what is mutational falsetto? |
| affect pitch | Damage to the SLN would do what? |
| affects how the VFs move. May affect loudness, vibrations, hoarseness, breathiness | damage to the RLN would do what? |
| disruption of the integration/regulation of force, rate, speed and direction of movement,
Harsh, hoarse and breathy vocal quality... reduced control of loudness | What are the main voice symptoms of ataxic dysarthria? |
| neuritis/infections
trauma
neoplasm (tumor)
vascular
degenerative diseases | what are the different causes of neurogenic voice disorders? |
| involuntary movements of the body and abrupt pitch and loudness changes and voice stoppages due to jerky VF movements | what are key findings of huntington's disease? |
| reduced loudness, ROM or articulators and bradykinesia | what are key findings of parkinson's disease? |
| myasthenia gravis | What disorders has vocal fatigue that improves from rest? |
