| Restrictive diseases affect | Generation of a pressure gradient e.g. lung parenchyma, drug induced, dust infections |
| Obstructive diseases are caused by | An increase in airway resisitance e.g. asthma/COPD |
| Common preventor glucocorticoids- oral/ inhaled | Inhaled- beclamethasone, oral pregnisolone |
| Leukotriene receptor antagonists- | Work by blocking bronchoconstrictor and pro-inflammatory leukotrienes e.g. montekulast |
| Theophylines work by | PDE inhibitors- less cAMP breakdown therefore MLCkinase inhibited so less calcium released so less contraction of smooth muscle. |
| Beta 2 agonists work via | Activated sympathetic nervous system will cause more cAMP production |
| Salbutamol is a | Short acting beta 2 agonist |
| Samleterol is a | Long acting beta 2 agonist |
| Anti muscarinics work by | Blocking vagal inervation on airway smooth muscle |
| Ipratropium bromide is a | Short acting anti muscarinic |
| What is the aspirin triad | Nasal polps, asthma and aspirin sensitivity |
| COPD | Loss of elastic recoil-.-> increased airway resistance |
| Emphysema- | Alveolar component destruction loss of folding |
| COPD patients will show a | barreled chest |
| COPD patients encouraged to breathe with | Pursed lips |
| What is allergic rhinitis | Inflammation of nasal airway |
| How is allergic rhinitis generally managed/ managed privately | With antihistamines, privately may use a anti IgE is a monoclonal antibody given subcutaneously- Omalizubab |
| How is resp depression following surgery treated | Verbal stimulation, O2 therapy, CPAP |
| What are doxapram and almitrine | Carotid body stimulants- used for COPD patients, (ODs and post op stimulation in the former) |
