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level: 2.1 Motivating employees

Questions and Answers List

level questions: 2.1 Motivating employees

Question	Answer
The desire to achieve a certain result or outcome.	Motivation
All workers are motivated by money and workers should be given one repetitive task so they can learn to master it. Managers should give orders and closely control workers	Taylor's idea of worker motivation
Disagreed with Taylor and believed that there were many factors other than money that motivated workers. Each level of hierarchy must be achieved before employees can be motivated by the next level.	Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Humans have two sets of needs, "hygiene factors" and "motivators"	Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Basic animal needs. If it's met they'll not motivate workers to work, but if not met they'll demotivate workers.	Hygiene factor
Redesigning jobs so they are more challenging	Job enrichment
The number of employees leaving a business per year	Labor turnover
-Paid weekly -Paid more if work overtime -Use for manual workers	Wages
-Wages can be calculated per hour -Very easy to calculate -Good and bad workers get paid the same	Time-based wages
-Paid depending on the number of products they made -Paid a basic wage with piece rate on top -Used when it's easy to calculate the output -Motivate worker to work harder -May focus too much on quantity than quality	Piece rate
-Paid monthly -Pay is calculated per year then divided by 12 -Extra work may not be paid for -Easy to calculate	Salaries
-Used with sales staff -Paid a % of the profit or value of the sale -Very motivating -Demotivating if staff don't make many sales	Commission
-Can be used with all staff -Paid a share of profit + basic salary -Motivating -Used when difficult to identify individual contributions	Profit sharing
-A lump sum paid to workers when they work well -Usually paid at the end of the year	Bonus
-Pay linked to effectiveness -Used when output is hard to measure	Performance related pay
-Given opportunity to buy some shares in the business -Encourage them to work hard as they receive dividends if company does well -Improve workers' loyalty	Share ownership
Non-financial rewards given to employees. May be valuable but no actual cash is paid	Fringe benefits
The enjoyment derived from feeling that you have done a good job.	Job Satisfaction
-Workers swapping jobs and doing specific tasks for a period of time -Reduce boredom but need time & money to train	Job rotation
-Adding more tasks at a similar skill & responsibility -Reduce boredom -Not get paid more thus feel demotivating	Job enlargement
-Adding tasks which require more skill or responsibility -Additional training may be required -Improve job satisfaction	Job enrichment
Give a group of workers responsibility or a particular task	Team working