| What is the nephron composed of? | - renal corpuscle
- renal tubule |
| Where does the renal artery send blood to? | The renal artery sends blood to the cortex of the kidney |
| What cells can be found in the Bowman's capsule? | Simple Squamous Epithelium |
| What surrounds the capillary? | endothelium |
| What cell can be found in the kidney tubules and what are its functions? | Podocyte; A support cell that assists with the movement of fluid. |
| What is a nephron? | A nephron is a microscopic tube with a wall one cell thick (it is one cell thick because of the active filtration) |
| Where does a nephron begin? | Begins in the cortex |
| When a nephron folds, what does it form? | The nephron folds in the cortex to form the Bowman's capsule |
| How does the nephron enter the medulla? | The nephron enters the medulla as a proximal tube |
| What does the proximal tube become? | The proximal tube turns at the loop of Henle |
| How does the nephron reenter the cortex after the loop of henle? | the loop of henle reenters the cortex as a distal tube |
| What does the distal tube drain into? | The distal tube drains into a collecting duct |
| What is the first part of the nephron? | The first part of the nephron is the renal corpuscle |
| What does the renal corpuscle consist of? | consists of:
the glomerulus and glomerular capsule |
| Define Glomerulus | Glomerulus is a collection of fenestrated capillaries |
| What surrounds the Glomerulus? | The Glomerular (Bowman's) Capsule |
| What lines the Bowman's capsule? | simple squamous epithelium and consists of podocytes |
| What surrounds the arterials | Podocytes |
| What is the filtration membrane? | The filtration membrane is a filter that lies between the blood in the glomerulus and a capsular space |
| How many layers make up the filtration membrane? What are they? | The filtration membrane has 3 layers
1. endothelium of the capillary
2. slits of podocytes (epithelial cells) between foot processes
3. basement membrane |
| What does the filtration membrane allow to pass? What does it not? | The filtration membrane holds back most proteins and allows:
- water
- ions
- glucose
- amino acids
- urea |
| Name the Structure | Glomerular capsular space |
| Name the Structure | Proximal convoluted Tubule |
| Name the Structure | Parietal Layer of the Glomerular capsule made up of simple squamous epithelium |
| Name the Structure | Glomerular capillary that is covered in podocytes |
| Name the Structure | Afferent Arteriole |
| Name the Structure | Efferent arteriole |
| Name the Structure | Capillary |
| How does plasma pass through the filtration membrane? | Plasma passed the capillaries and enters the endothelium through fenestrations (pores) |
| Name the Structure | Fenestration (pore) |
| Name the Structure | Foot processes of podocytes |
| Name the Structure | Basement membrane |
| Name the Structure | Filtration slit |
| Name the Structure | Foot processes of podocytes |
| After the Glomerulus, where does the filtrate proceed? | Filtrate proceeds to the renal tubules |
| What are considered renal tubules? | - proximal convoluted tubule
- nephron loop
- distal convoluted tubule
- Collecting ducts |
| Define the Nephron loop | The nephron loop has a descending limp
- has a thick and thin segment |
| Define the function of the collecting duct | The collecting duct receives urine from several nephrons and plays an important role in conserving body fluids |
| Name the Structure | Collecting Duct |
| After the collecting duct, where does the filtrate proceed to? | Final urine enters the ureter |
| Why is microvilli present in the proximal convoluted tubule cells | because this part of the kidney is where reabsorption occurs thus movement of fluid |
| Name the Structure | Microvilli |
| Name the Structure | Apical Membrane |
| Name the Structure | Lumen |
| Name the Structure | Basement membrane |
| Name the Structure | Peritubular space |
| Name the Structure | Capillary endothelial cell |
| Name the Structure | Tight Junction |
| Name the Structure | Tubule columnar epithelial cell |
