| What are the smallest blood vessels? | Capillaries |
| What are the three major types of blood vessels? | Arteries
Capillaries
Veins |
| Main function of the arteries? | Arteries carry blood away from the heart |
| What are the smallest arteries? | Arterioles are the smallest arteries |
| What receives blood from capillaries? | Venules receive blood from capillaries. |
| Where do venules send blood? | Veins receive blood from venules.. |
| Function of Veins | Veins receive blood from the venules and transport the blood to the heart |
| What is the innermost layer of the blood vessels? | Endothelium |
| What structure can be found inside veins but not arteries? | Valves are found inside veins |
| What are the largest types of arteries? | Elastic arteries are the largest arteries and come right after the heart
- elasticity allows for pumping... with age this elasticity decreases |
| True or False: is the aorta considered an elastic artery | True |
| Define Muscular arteries | Muscular arteries are farther away from the heart and include an internal/external elastic laminae |
| What are considered the smallest arteries | Arterioles are the smallest arteries |
| What controls the arterioles? | Local factors in the tissue and the sympathetic nervous system |
| Define capillaries | Capillaries have site specific functions
Red blood cells must pass through in a single file line |
| Function of capillaries in the Lungs | Capillaries in the lungs are sites where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves |
| Function of Capillaries in the small intestine | Capillaries in the small intestine receive digested nutrients |
| Function of capillaries in the Endocrine glands | Capillaries in the endocrine glands pick up hormones |
| Function of capillaries in the kidneys | Capillaries in the kidneys allow for the removal of nitrogenous wastes |
| What is a continuous capillary? | capillaries that do not contain many gaps or spaces which equals very little to no leakage |
| What is a fenestrated capillary? | A more porous capillary that allows plasma and hormones and other things to pass through |
| What is a sinusoid capillary? | contains many gaps and is labeled as a semi holder for erythrocytes |
| Define Transcytosis | Continuous capillaries participate in transcytosis which brings proteins and macromolecules across the endothelium |
| How do substances pass through Fenestrated capillaries? | through transcytosis and fenestrations or pores |
| Where are sinusoids found? | Bone marrow
Spleen
Liver |
| What are factors of capillary permeability? | through direct diffusion
through intracellular clefts
through cytoplasmic vesicles
through fenestrations |
| Define the blood brain barrier | - capillaries have tight junctions
- no intracellular clefts are present
- vital molecules pass through (think of the role of glial cells) |
| What are capillary beds? | place where arterial blood enters and venous blood leaves
a network of capillaries is running through the tissue |
| What are areas in the body poorly vascularized? | Tendons and ligaments |
| What areas in the body are avascular? | epithelia and cartilage
- (they receive nutrients from CT) |
| Define Venous vessels | venous vessels conduct blood from capillaries towards the heart |
| What has lower blood pressure... veins or arteries? | blood pressure is lower in veins |
| what are the smallest veins? | venules are the smallest veins |
| what are the smallest venules? | postcapillary venules |
| Venules join to form _____. | Veins |
| Veins vs Arteries structure | Veins have larger lumens
Tunica externa in veins is thicker
Veins have less elastin
Walls are thinner in veins |
| What are mechanisms that combat low venous pressure? | Valves can be located in some veins (specifically in limbs)
Skeletal muscle pump (muscles press against the thin walled veins) |
| Vascular anastomoses are formed by... | the interconnections of vessels |
| True or false: organs receive blood from more than one arterial source | True, this is why we have vascular anastomoses |
| What forms arterial anastomoses? | neighboring arteries form arterial anastomoses which provides collateral channels |
| What is more frequent... vein or artery anastomose | veins anastomose are more frequent |
| Name this structure | Endothelium |
| Name this structure | Subendothelial layer |
| Name this structure | Internal Elastic membrane |
| Name this structure | Tunica Media |
| Name this structure | External elastic membrane |
| Name this structure | Tunica Externa |
| Name this structure | Tunica Externa |
| Name this structure (the 2nd blue line) | Capillary Network |
| Name this structure | Valves |
| Name this structure | Basement membrane |
| Name this structure | Endothelial |
| Name this structure | Lumen |
| Name this structures | blue: artery
green: vein
pink: capillary |
| Name this structure | blue: continuous capillary
red: Fenestrated (larger)
green: Sinusoid (largest) |
