| HALOGENATION of alkane rex. cat. | FREE RADICAL SUBST. |
| halogenation of alkane mech. steps | S1- CHAIN INITIATION
S2- CHAIN PROPAGATION
S3- CHAIN TERMINATION |
| MOP halide from alkene | 1. addn. of X2 on alkene
2. addn. of halogen acid
3. free rad. subs. |
| ALKENE addn. of X2 rxn. category | ELECTROPHILIC ADDN RXN. |
| ALKENE addn. of X2 -
1. STEREOCHEM
2. SOLVENT
3. INTERMEDIATE | ANTI ADDN
Carbon tetrachloride CCl4
Cyclic halonium ion |
| test of unsaturation | unsaturated aliphatic alkene + Br2 + CCl4 ---> red brown reactant to colorless product |
| addn. of halogen acid, rules, FAR/EAS
1. HBr in presence of PEROXIDE
2. HBr
3. HCl, HI, HF | 1. kharash effect/ peroxide effect FAR
2. markonikov rule EAS
3. markonikov rule EAS |
| MARKONIKOV RULE is based on | stability of carbocation, EAS |
| KHARASH EFFECT IS DUE TO | Free radical formation, FAR |
| FREE RADICAL SUBSTn. in alkene is....
it has ... steps, namely.... | 1. MOP of halide
2. 3 steps
3. ~ CHAIN INITIATION STEP
~ CHAIN PROPAGATION STEP
~chain temination step |
| NBS full form...
where is it used...
where it cant be used... | 1.N- Bromo Succinimide
2.used in free radical substitution of alkene
3. can not be used in halogenation of alkane |
| NBS is highly slective for | BROMINATION AT ALLYLIC AND BENZYLIC POSITONS |
| FINKELSTEIN REACTION | RX + NaI, in presence of ACETONE, gives RI + NaX through SN2 |
| WHICH IS THE BEST METHOD OF PREP. OF ALKYL IDODIDE | FINKELSTEIN REACTION |
| WHY CAN FINKELSTEIN REACTION NOT BE PERFORMED WITHOUT ACETONE | without acetone, reaction is reversible, yield decreases
.
acetone being an organic solvent, solvates covalent compounds better, and, NaI BEING MORE COVALENT, DISSOLVES BETTER IN ACETONE THAN THE PRODUCTS, |
