| What landmark is this? | foramen magnum; occipital bone |
| What landmark is this? | occipital condyles; occipital bone |
| What landmark is this? | jugular foramen; occipital bone |
| What landmark is this? | hypoglossal canal; occipital bone |
| What landmark is this? | external occipital protuberance; occipital bone |
| What landmark is this? | styloid process; temporal bone |
| What landmark is this? | mastoid process; temporal bone |
| What landmark is this? | zygomatic process; temporal bone |
| What is the function of the zygomatic process? | joins with temporal process of zygomatic bone to form zygomatic arch |
| What landmark is this? | external auditory (acoustic) meatus; temporal bone |
| What landmark is this? | mandibular fossa; temporal bone |
| What landmark is this? | jugular foramen; temporal bone |
| What landmark is this? | glabella; frontal bone |
| What landmark is this? | supraorbital notches/foramen; frontal bone |
| What landmark is this? | petrous potions; temporal bone |
| What landmark is this? | internal auditory (acoustic) meatus; temporal bone |
| What landmark is this? Function? | greater wings of sphenoid; form the floor of the middle cranial fossa and lateral wall of the orbit |
| What landmark is this? Function? | lesser wings of sphenoid; separates anterior cranial fossa from middle cranial fossa |
| What landmark is this? | sella turcica; sphenoid |
| What landmark is this? Function? | superior orbital fissures of sphenoid; contains cranial muscles for eye movement |
| What landmark is this? What does it hold? | foramen rotundum of sphenoid; 5th cranial nerve |
| What landmark is this? | foramen ovale; sphenoid |
| What landmark is this? What does it house? | foramen spinosum of sphenoid; artery |
| What landmark is this? Function? | pterygoid processes of sphenoid; help with jaw manipulation |
| What landmark is this? | crista galli; ethmoid |
| What landmark is this? | cribriform plate; ethmoid |
| What landmark is this? | perpendicular plate; ethmoid |
| What landmark is this? | middle nasal conchae; ethmoid |
| What landmark is this? | ethmoid sinuses; ethmoid |
| What landmark is this? | maxillary sinus; maxilla |
| What landmark is this? Function? | alveolar process of maxilla; holds the teeth |
| What landmark is this? What does it contain? | infraorbital foramen of maxilla; infraorbital nerve |
| What landmark is this? | body; mandible |
| What landmark is this? | ramus; mandible |
| What landmark is this? | mandibular angle; mandible |
| What landmark is this? | condyle; mandible |
| What landmark is this? | mandibular notch; mandible |
| What landmark is this? | coronoid process; mandible |
| What landmark is this? | mental foramen; mandible |
| What landmark is this? | mandibular foramen; mandible |
| What landmark is this? | perpendicular plate; palatine |
| What landmark is this? | horizontal plate; palatine |
| What landmark is this? | lacrimal fossa; lacrimal |
| What landmark is this? | superior articular facet; typical vertebrae, C1, C2 |
| What landmark is this? | inferior articular facet; typical vertebrae, C1, C2 |
| What landmark is this? | transverse process; typical vertebrae, C1, C2 |
| What landmark is this? | vertebral foramen; typical vertebrae, C1, C2 |
| What landmark is this? | lamina; typical vertebrae |
| What landmark is this? | pedicles; typical vertebrae, C2 |
| What landmark is this? | body; typical vertebrae |
| What landmark is this? | transverse process; thoracic spine |
| What landmark is this? | superior costal facets; thoracic spine |
| What landmark is this? | inferior costal facets |
| What landmark is this? | transverse costal facets; thoracic spine |
| What region of the spine? What are some characteristics of these vertebrae? | lumbar spine; bear the most weight, have the largest bodies, pronounced transverse processes, vertebral foramen is more triangular, have strongly curved articular facets that limit their mobility |
| What region of spine? What are they associated with? What are some characteristics? | thoracic spine; ribcage; articular facets are flat allowing more mobility between adjacent vertebrae |
| What is pictured here? What region of the spine does it belong? What are some defining characteristics? | Atlas (C1); cervical spine; almost no vertebral body, large transverse foramen, inferior/superior articular facets, posterior/anterior arch |
| What is pictured here? What region of the spine does it belong? | Axis (C2); cervical spine |
| What is pictured here? | vertebrae C3-C7 of the cervical spine |
| What is pictured here? | sacrum |
| What is pictured here? | coccyx |
| What landmark is this? | median sacral crest; sacrum |
| What landmark is this? | sacral canal; sacrum |
| What landmark is this? | superior articular processes; sacrum |
| What landmark is this? | sacral hiatus; sacrum |
| What landmark is this? | auricular surface; sacrum |
| What landmark is this? | apex; sacrum |
| What landmark is this? | sacral promontory; sacrum; on first vertebra |
| What landmark is this? Function? | 4 pairs of sacral foramina of sacrum; blood vessels and spinal nerves emerge |
| How many vertebrae make up the coccyx? | 4 |
| What are ribs 1-7 named? | true ribs |
| What are ribs 8-12 named? | false ribs |
| What are ribs 11-12 called? | floating ribs |
| What is the function of the external occipital protuberance in the occipital bone? | neck muscles attach here |
| What is the function of the formen magnum? | the whole where the spine fits so that it can connect to the brain |
| What are the frontal sinuses? What is their function? | hollow, air-filled spaces inside the bone that connect to the nasal cavity through small openings in the nose |
| What is the squamous portion of the temporal bone? | the thin, flat portion of the bone |
| What is the function of the petrous portion of the temporal bone? | divides middle cranial fossa from posterior cranial fossa; contains acoustic organ (inner ear) |
| What is the function of the internal auditory (acoustic) meatus of the temporal bone? | contains nerve that allows for sound to be processed |
| What landmark is this? | foramen lacerum; temporal bone |
| What landmark is this? | optic canals; sphenoid |
| What landmark is this? | spenoid sinus; sphenoid |
| What landmark is this? | palatine process; maxilla |
| What is the hard palate (roof of mouth) made up of? | horizontal plate of palatine (2) and palatine process of maxilla |
| What landmark is this? Function? | temporal process of zygomatic bone; joins zygomatic process to form zygomatic arch |
| What is this landmark? | nasolacrimal canal; lacrimal |
| What landmark is this? Function? | alveolar process of mandible; houses teeth |
| What is this landmark? | body; hyoid |
| What is this landmark? | lesser horn; hyoid |
| What is this landmark? | greater horn; hyoid |
| What landmark is this? | intervertebral foramen; typical vertebrae |
| What are some characteristics of the cervical spine? | small transverse processes, smallest vertebral bodies, transverse foramina |
| What is this landmark? What is its function? | dens (odontoid process); allows for pivot of atlas |
| What is this landmark? Function? | transverse ridges of sacrum; separates the 5 sacral vertebrae |
| How many sacral vertebrae make up the sacrum? | 5 |
| What landmark is this? | lateral sacral crest; sacrum |
| What landmark is this? | anterior arch; C1 |
| What landmark is this? | posterior arch; C1 |
| What landmark is this? | spinous process; C2 |
| What is another name for vertebra C7? Why is this? | Vertebra prominens; it has a longer and larger spinous process than other cervical vertebrae |
