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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
micro-organisms which normally inhabit the human body but do not cause disease in normal circumstances.	normal flora
micro organisms that we pick up and deposit on other surfaces and more likely to cause infection.	transient flora
where is normal flora found	skin, urinary tract, and the digestive tract
the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows and multiplys (human, animals, soil)	reservoir
the site from where infection leaves the host to enter another host and causes disease (nose or month)	portal of exit
An infectious agent may be transmitted from its natural reservoir to a susceptible host in different ways.	method of transport
where the pathogen enters a susceptible host. it must provide access to tissue in which the pathogen can multiple.	portal of entry
the organism where the pathogens multiply	host
the organism which is responsible for the development of the disease	infection agent
typically non-pathogenic microorganisms that act as a pathogen in certain circumstances. They lay dormant for long periods of time until the hosts' immune system is suppressed and then they seize the opportunity to attack	opportunist microorganism
contact transmission	direct - person to person (oral, blood) indirect - contact with a infected object (sneeze tissue - fomite)
droplet transmisson	large particles that travel up to 1 meter and come in contact with new host - coughing, sneezing, breathing
airborn transmission	small particles created and suspended in air or carried on dust particles - from breathing, coughing, sneezing
vechiles	food, water, blood, soil
vector	external mechanisms- flys, birds, chickens internal transmission- mosquito or flea
examples of portal of entry	respiratory tract, skin, mucous membranes ,blood, gastrointestinal tracts