| Progeria | Mutation in Lamin A |
| Colchicine | -Prevents Mitotic Spindle (Microtubule) Polymerization.
-Fights Infection
-Anti Cancer compound |
| Vinka Alkaloids | -Anticancer Compounds
-Vinblastine/Vincristine
-Prevents Microtubule Assembly (Polymerization) |
| Taxol | Prevents Microtubule Disassembly (depolymerization) |
| Amanita Phalloidin | -Binds F-ACTIN more tightly
-Promotes EXCESSIVE Polymerization
-Inhibits Depolarization |
| Cytohalasins | -Blocks Polymerization of ACTIN
-Inhibit cell movement, division, and induce programmed cell death |
| Polycistic Kidney Disease | Associated w/ Primary cilia Mechanoreceptors |
| Azidothymidine (AZT) | -Lack free 3' OH
-High affinity for reverse transcriptase enzyme & inhibits their activity.
-Incorporated into DNA chain via reverse transcriptase
-Termination occurs
-HIV
-Decrease mother transmission to baby |
| Didanosine (DDI) | -Viral reverse transcriptase incorporates it
-Termination of viral replication
-High affinity for reverse transcriptase
-Low affinity for DNA Pol I
-HIV |
| Acyclovir | -Converted into a monophosphate acyclovir via Viral Kinase
-Lacks 3' OH
-Stops DNA chain ELONGATION (Replication)
-Only activated in infected cells
-Herpes
-Varicella Zoster |
| Tenofovir (NucleoTide) | -Potent Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
-No free 3' OH
-Initially activated by Host kinase
-Steric hindrance of next dNTP
-Terminates chain ELONGATIOn
-HIV |
| Cytosine Arabinoside | -Steric hindrance has OH on 3' & 2'
-Inhibits DNA Pol
-Ends ELONGATION
-Anti Cancer
-Acute Myeloid Leukemia & Lymphoma |
| Adenine Arabinoside | -Inhibits DNA Pol
-Steric hindrance has OH on 3' & 2' |
| Decitabine | -Hypomethylation --> Incorporated into DNA/RNA
-Blocks methylation
-Stops methyltransferase enzyme
-INCREASE Transcription |
| 5-azacytidine | -Hypomethylation
-Disrupts Methylation
-INCREASE Transcription |
| 5-Fluorouracil | -Converted to fdUMP which inhibits Thymidylate Kinase
-Inhibits synthesis of Thymidine NucleoTides
-Anti-Cancer agent |
| Azathioprine | -Metabolized to 6-Mercaptopurine
-Supresses rejection during organ transplantation |
| Allopurinol | -Inhibits Xanthine Oxidase
-Treatment for Gout |
| Adenosine (Adenocard) | - Used to treat Supraventricular Tachycardia
-Slows heart rate
-Plays role in sleep regulation |
| Ciprofloxacin | -Inhibits DNA Gyrase (Prokaryotes)
-Quinolone drug
-Treat respiratory & UTI
-Anthrax |
| CaptOthecin | -Anticancer drug
-Inhibits Topoisomerase I |
| EtOpOside | -Inhibits Topoisomerase II |
| Actinomycin D | -(dactinomycin)
-Intercalates between adjacent guanine-cytosine bases
-Inhibits RNA Pol in BOTH prokaryotes & eukaryotes
-No DNA separation
-Inhibits Replication/Transcription
-Anticancer drug |
| Rifampin | -Inhibits Transcription INITIATION
-Prokaryotes only
-Blocks formation of Phosphodiester bind by bind to prokaryote RNA
-Treat Tuberculosis |
| Alpha-Amanitin | -Death Cap Mushroom
-Inhibitor of RNA Pol II
-Blocks Transcription (Eukaryotes) |
| Phalloidin | -Not absorbed by GI Tract
-Does not contribute to toxicity by oral intkae |
| Diptheria Toxin | -Inactivation of EF-2 by ADP-Ribosylation
-Prevents translocation & protein synthesis |
| Steptomycin | -Antibiotic Inhibition of INITIATION
-Prevents assembly of Ribosome
-Binds to 30s Subunit (Prokaryotes) |
| Tetracycline | -Block ELONGATION
-Prevents aminoacyl-tRNA access to A-site |
| Erythromyesin | (Macrolide)
-Bindss to the 50s subunit of the complete 70S ribosome (Prokaryote)
-Blocks TRANSLOCATION
-Inhibit ELONGATION |
| ChloramPhenicol | -Inhibits peptidyl transferase activity in PROKARYOTES
-May inhibit Mitochondrial Translation
-Inhibit ELONGATION |
| CycloheximidE | -Inhibits EUKARYOTE peptidyl transferase activity
-Inhibit ELONGATION |
| Puromycin | -Inhibit ELONGATION
-Causes premature termination of translation in BOTH prokaryotes & eukaryotes |
| DFP | Di-isoproyl Fluorophosphate
-IRREVERSIBLE Inhibitor of Acetylcholinesterase (AchE)
-Nerve Poison
-Accumulation of Acetylcholine
-Blocks specific serine residue that normally forms a COVALENT bond w/ the acetyl group during catalysis |
| Aspirin | Acetyl Salicylic Acid
-IRREVERSIBLE Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase (COX)
-Inhibits Prostaglandins --> DECREASE blood clotting
-Inhibits Thromboxane --> INCREASE blood clotting |
| Caffeine | Inhibit Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase and prolong effects of cAMP |
| Theophylline | Inhibit Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase and prolong effects of cAMP |
