| In the case of an abundant eosinophilic infiltrate in the muscular tissue, the macroscopic colour change observed is: | yellow |
| Interstitial pneumonia can be expressed morphologically by: | The presence of perivascular and peribronchiolar or diffuse mononuclear infiltrate in the alveolar walls |
| The inflammatory process that gives the mucous the appearance of "sprinkled with bran" is: | diffuse diptheroid inflammation |
| The diffuse form of granulomatous inflammation in the intestine determines specifically | thickening of the mucosa, which becomes an aspect of the "cerebral circumvolutions" |
| Fibrin and fibrin degradation products are potent chemo-attractants for: | neutrophils |
| What type of myocarditis will be diagnosed in the cardiac form of canine parvovirus? | lympho-monocytic |
| The phenomenon of suppuration consists of: | The appearance of a liquefaction necrosis |
| The papilloma cannot be diagnosed | in the hepatic parenchyma |
| A benign tumour with multicentric growth, which originates from stratified epithelium and the fibroblast is called: | papillomatosis |
| Adenomatous polyp | Its origin is the cubic or cylindrical epithelium of the mucous membranes |
| The adenoma can be differentiated from adenocarcinoma | by the position of the tumour cells with respect to the basal membrane |
| Scirrhous carcinoma is characterized by | pronounced desmoplasia/ fibrosis |
| In a section of a sarcomatous mammary tumour, the most likely diagnosis is | anaplastic carcinoma |
| Multinucleated tumour cells can be observed in | fibrosarcoma |
| Malignant tumour, which produces local invasion but does not lead to metastases | basal cell carcinoma |
| “Large, round or polyhedral cells, isolated or grouped, with anisokaryosis; basophilic cytoplasm may have vacuoles; large number of atypical mitoses; nuclear chromatin arranged in the form of coarse bulges” is the characteristic cytological aspect for | transmissible venereal tumour |
| The diagnosis of which tumours can be determined by aspiration, as they have a specific cytological aspect? | mastocytoma |
| The tumour whose cell origin is a fibroblast and has a macroscopic gelatinous appearance is | myxoma |
| Multinucleated giant tumour cells are characteristic of | osteoclastic osteosarcoma |
| In which situation the aspiration biopsy is achieved only by correlating with the radiological aspect of tumour formation? | in suspicion of osteosarcoma |
| Which type of tumours may appear with associated lesions, such as fibrinoid necrosis of the
vascular walls, eosinophilic vasculitis and collagen fiber degeneration | mastocytoma |
| Splenic tumour, single, cherry red, friable, weakly delimited, developed in the area of the splenic hylus. Due to the macroscopic appearance the tumour may be | hemangiosarcoma |
| the variant that shows the correct correlation between the tumour type and the cell of
origin | histiocytic sarcoma --- dendritic cell |
| What is the most common location of synovial sarcoma? | periarticular |
| What is the diagnosis for a malignant tumour found in the buccal cavity, which is characterized
cytologically by isolated, elongated cells, with oval, euchromatic nuclei, pronounced anisokaryosis and nucleoli, occasional multinucleated cells and atypical divisions. | fibrosarcoma nhs |
| What is the diagnosis for a skin tumour with ulcerated plaque appearance, which is characterized
histologically by the "meduzoid" arrangement of dermal epithelial tumour cells. | basal cell carcinoma |
| Choose the correct statement | multinucleated giant cells can appear in both benign and malignant synovial tumours |
| What is the diagnosis for a nodular skin tumour, accompanied by alopecia and characterized histologically by infiltration of the epidermis and superficial dermis with the tumour cells possesing cleaved, reniform nuclei. | canine cutaneous histiocytoma |
| Specify the tumour that is at risk of metastasis | carcinoma |
| Specify the benign tumour that is at risk of recurrence | infiltrating lipoma |
| Specify the benign tumour that is at risk of recurrence | cell rich fibroma |
| Psammomatous meningioma is characterized by: | arrangement of spiral tumour cells and mineralization of the hyaline deposits in the tumour
structure |
| The medullogram shall be performed in case of suspicion of: | leukemia |
| In order to differentiate _______________ from ______________ it is necessary to perform a
medullogram. Choose the variant that contains the information that correctly completes the
statement. | lymphoma with cytochemical discharge //// leukemia |
| Choose the variant that best corresponds to the biological behaviour of the canine cutaneous
histiocytoma | tumour with benign behaviour, which can exhibit spontaneous and frequent regression, affecting young dogs (under 2 years) |
| ndicate which tumour lesions correspond to the following description: formation with vaginal
location observed in a 5-year-old bitch, with conopidiform, friable appearance, white-pink-red colour, sessile: | Sticker sarcoma |
| What lesions associated or overlapping with the tumour process may make macroscopic and
cytopathological diagnosis difficult? | all answers are correct |
| Choose the correct variant that refers to the myxoma | tumour of the connective tissue, which is abundant in ground substance, giving it a gelatinous |
| The tumour whose macroscopic appearance is influenced by histamine release is: | mastocytoma |
| Tumour cells with "tadpole like" appearance are described as being found in smears made from: | rhabdomyosarcoma |
| A cat presents with an ulcerative lesion of the pinna, with no tendency to heal. Histopathological examination shows epithelial cells arranged in sheets or islands, surrounded by stroma. In the tumour mass appears ......................... What is missing from the context to establish the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma? | lamellar deposits of keratin with concentric arrangement "like onion skin" |
| Haemangiosarcoma is a malignant tumour with a pronounced infiltrative character. Mention
histological elements that facilitate the diagnosis of this type of tumour | vascular pattern and the presence of red cells in the lumens of the spaces delimited by malignant endothelium cells |
| Depending on the structural histiopathological features, different types of adenomas can be
diagnosed. Choose the correct correlation between the histopathological type and the description | papillar cystic adenoma - digitiform or branched epithelial projections to the lumen cyst |
| Tumour developed on the costal wall, hard, spherical, with slow growth, delimited by a discrete
connective capsule, characterized histologically by the formation of hyaline cartilage lobes without atypical cells is the description for: | chondroma |
| What type of necrosis can be diagnosed in the case of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis? | cytosteatonecrosis of fatty tissue from the omentum |
| Which tumour has high invasion capacity, causing joint destruction by
erosion of the joint edges, subsequently affecting the subchondral bone? | synoviosarcoma |
| The smell of "rancid butter" is specific to: | gaseous gangrene |
| In lymphoma, what is used to establish a definitive diagnosis and prognosis | use of monoclonal antibodies for immunophenotyping of tumour cells |
| In what type of tumour with junctional activity, are the tumour cells near the epidermis usually
ovoid (epithelioid), and as they enter the dermis they become elongated and fusiform? | melanoma |
| The clinical diagnosis of melanoma is based on: | no criterion is sufficient to establish the diagnosis of clinical melanoma |
| A well-delimited nodular tumour with cutaneous localization, having cells of vascular endothelium origin. Specify the diagnosis: | haemangioma |
| A cytological examination of a smear made from the sediment of a liquid sample collected from the peritoneal cavity showed numerous large mononucleate and multinucleate cells, with
anisokaryosis, basophilic cytoplasm and atypical divisions. State which diagnosis corresponds to the description: | mesothelioma |
| Which peritoneal tumour requires differential diagnosis with peritoneal carcinomatosis? | mesothelioma |
| What characteristics can influence the prognosis of a tumour? | all answers are correct |
| Metastasis occurs preferentially via: | haematogenesis in fibrosarcoma |
| A unique cutaneous formation located in the area of the head in a 2-year-old dog.
Histologically, Langerhans tumour cells were detected, infiltrating the epidermis and superficial
dermis. Choose the correct diagnosis: | canine cutaneous histiocytoma |
| Formation localized at the level of the digit, ulcerated and pigmented on section. Histological
analysis revealed nests of cells located in the epidermis and at the level of the dermoepidermal
junction. By special techniques (immunohistochemistry) the neuro-ectodermal origin was established of the tumour cells. Choose the correct diagnosis: | melanoma |
| Necrotic inflammation: | is expressed macroscopically as gray-yellow-whitish |
| Diagnosis of muco-purulent rhinitis: | It is established cytologically based on the mucus and the active or degenerated neutrophils |
| The possible progression / termination of necrotic inflammation may result in: | scar formation |
| serous exudate was collected from the peritoneal cavity of a cat. Cytological examination
revealed: | numerous leukocytes, mesothelial cells of irritation and protein precipitate |
| In which situation the lesion is not macroscopically evident and microscopic examination is
required? | serous hepatitis from avian mycoplasmosis |
| In which acute inflammation the exudative phenomena predominate with the severe alteration of
the walls vascular and pronounced increase in vascular permeability? | fibrinous inflammation |
| Serous inflammation located in the serous cavities can evolve into: | sero-fibrinous inflammation |
| Choose the variant that shows the correct correlation between macroscopic appearance and
pathological diagnosis | Hyperemic mucosa, covered by an opalescent, viscous liquid, with a high content
of mucus - is the description for superficial fibrino-necrotic inflammation |
| The “organ block” aspect | Is a form of chronic fibrinous inflammation, a process dominated by proliferation
of connective tissue |
| Choose the option to find items that correctly fill in the missing spaces in
the following statement: "The granulation tissue consists of ......................... and is found in the
structure of ...................... " | capillaries of neoformation and mixed cellularity (lymphocytes, plasmocytes, macrophages,
fibroblasts) //// abscess |
| Guturolites are the consequence of: | dehydration of purulent exudate and impregnation with mineral salts in empyema of the guttural pouch in the horse |
| What type of inflammation is diagnosed in acute conditions of: avian infectious bursitis, viral
haemorrhage disease of rabbits and eimeriosis of chickens? | haemorrhagic inflammation |
| Diffuse hemorrhagic-necrotic splenitis is a lesion that: | is macroscopically expressed by splenomegaly |
| Choose the variant that shows the correct correlation between the histopathological appearance and the type inflammation. | In the liver capsule there is abundance of connective tissue, with numerous fibroblasts, neoformed capillaries and mononuclear cell infiltration. |
| Which cellular elements predominate in a smear made from a liver, to indicate a
hepatitis due to parasitic migration? | eosinophils will dominate |
| Choose the variant that refers to a localized proliferative inflammatory process | pyloric node |
| Analyze the statements and choose a single variant: | all answers are correct |
| The cell with central role in granulomatous inflammation is represented by: | macrophage |
| The presence of a non-self phagocytic resistant and a T-cell mediated immune reaction will
generate: | development of chronic inflammation |
| Multinucleated giant cells in the structure of a pyogranuloma originate from: | neutrophils |
| Which cellular elements will be observed in a smear made by aspiration puncture of one the skin node in the dog to establish the diagnosis of foreign body granuloma? | smear rich in mononuclear cells, mostly macrophages, occasional multinuclear giant cells with
uniform nuclei, usually arranged eccentrically at one pole of the cell |
| Which cellular and humoral elements are involved in the transition from the pregranuloma phase to that of the young granuloma (epithelioid) in tubular granulomatous inflammation? | macrophages, lymphokines and some components of the bacterial wall structure (lipids and
tuberculoprotein) |
| Which histopathological aspect is characteristic of a mature tubular granuloma in birds? Choose the most complete response | central area of necrosis; layer of multinucleated giant cells; layer of epithelioid cells, granulation tissue; conjunctival capsule |
| What histopathological aspect is characteristic of a mature tuberculous granuloma in mammals? Choose the most complete response. | central area of casein necrosis with or without calcification foci; mixed zone of mononuclear cells and regions of Langhans-type multinucleated giant and epithelioid cells; connective capsule developed on the substrate of a specific granulation tissue |
| Choose the variant that shows the correct correlation between a particular type of granuloma /pyogranuloma and the specific colouring | Aspergillus granuloma - silver impregnation |
| Specific inflammations are associated with | a certain etiological agent |
| Specify the correct variant that corresponds to the description of necrotic miliary inflammation in the spleen in birds | outbreaks of small size, white-yellow-gray, delimited by a band of hyperemia |
| Specify the correct statement that corresponds to lympho-histiocytic inflammation of the liver in
the bird | white, compact nodule appearing greasy on cross section |
| Indicate which lesions correspond to the following description: Hyperemic, oedematous nasal
mucosa, covered with a serous liquid, giving it a glassy appearance | catarrhal rhinitis |
| A cytological examination of a smear made from the sediment of a citrus yellow liquid sample from the peritoneal cavity showed numerous reactive mesothelial cells, a large number of leukocytes and large amount of precipitated protein. What diagnosis corresponds to the description made? | Serious inflammation |
| Crupal inflammation is synonymous with | pseudomembranous inflammation |
| Choose the variant that best matches the microscopic location and description of eosinophilic
ulcer in cats | chronic disease, with localization at the skin-mucosal junction of the lips, characterized by
inflammatory reaction rich in neutrophils towards the centre of the ulcer and plasmocytes and mast cells toward its periphery and an inconsistent presence of eosinophils. |
| An example of specific inflammation is: | mature tuberculous granuloma |
| Multinucleated giant cells with foamy cytoplasm containing vacuoles appear specifically in which type of granuloma: | no answer is correct |
| Multinucleated giant cells with the appearance of foreign body giant cells appear in: | mature tuberculous granuloma in birds |
| Choose the statement that has the correct meaning for the stated term. | pustule - intraepithelial abscess |
| Inflammation that cannot be expressed morphologically both focal / multifocal (localized) and
diffuse is: | apostate inflammation |
| Ulcer is a compulsory part of which type of inflammation: | localized diphtheroid |
| The multinucleated giant cells of granulomatous inflammation are formed by
sinctialisation of: | epithelioid cells |
| Which is the most probable etiology of a lesion characterized in the initial stages by a
haemorrhagic-necrotic inflammation, and characterized in subsequent stages by eosinophilic
exudation and healing by scaring. | parasitic |
| Choose the correct response. Catarrhal inflammation can be found in the following locations: | conjunctival mucosa, lung, mammary gland |
| Choose the correct response. Fibrinous inflammation can be found in the following locations: | meninges, pleura, pericardium, renal glomerulus |
| "The filling phase, the red consolidation phase and the gray consolidation phase" is the evolution the following type of pulmonary inflammation: | croupal bronchopneumonia |
