| Surgery may ______ a patient's appetite and alter metabolic functions. | Decrease |
| Preoperative anxiety influences which 3 factors? | 1. Amount of anesthesia required
2. Amount of postoperative pain medication required
3. Speed of recovery |
| What are common medications that are not stopped before surgery and given with a sip of water? | Antiseizure and cardiac drugs |
| Which electrolyte is important to asses before surgery? | Potassium |
| Abnormal serum potassium levels can lead to _______. | Dysrhythmias; during and after surgery |
| What might be obtained if the family member of a dependent person objects to surgery that the physician deems essential? | A court order for the procedure |
| Placing a patient on NPO at midnight before surgery actually increases the risk for which 3 factors? | Dehydration
Insulin resistance
Muscle wasting |
| What are the three separate ways that latex allergy can occur? | 1. Irritant contact dermatitis
2. Type IV allergic reactions
3. Type I allergic reactions |
| What is the true latex allergy? | Type I allergy |
| A cell-mediated response to the chemical irritants found in latex is called a _______ reaction | Type IV allergic reaction |
| An immunoglobin E-mediated systemic reaction that occurs when latex proteins are touched, inhaled, or ingested is a ______ reaction | Type I allergic reaction |
| Which food allergies may be a risk factor of a latex allergy? | Bananas
Kiwis
Avocados
Chestnuts |
| If general anesthesia is administered, it is important to _______ the lungs postoperatively | Ventilate |
| The lungs do not _____ ______ during surgery. | Expand fully |
| What is the initial postoperative goal of incentive spirometry? | One third of the predicted value |
| What are the 2 types of incentive spirometer? | Flow Oriented
Volume Oriented |
| Which types of surgeries contraindicate coughing post-op? | Cranial
Spinal
Ear
Eye
Nose
Throat |
| What happens to the bladder after general anesthesia? | Bladder tone is decreased |
| What does anesthesia mean? | Absence of all sensation |
| What kind of anesthesia is used commonly for orthopedic surgery involving extremities? | Nerve block |
| What is the primary risk of infiltrative anesthesia? | Anesthetic agent may move upward in the spinal cord and affect breathing |
| When should the preoperative patient void? | Before preoperative medication is administered
or 1 hour before surgery |
| What type of IV catheter is used for optimal infusion of all fluids and possible blood products? | Large bore IV |
| How often are vitals assessed during the recovery period? | Every 15 minutes |
| Hypothermia is a rectal temperature of less than ___ | 96 degrees |
| What does ABCCS stand for? | Airway
Breathing
Consciousness
Circulation
System review |
| What is the standard protocol for a patient going into shock? | 1. Oxygen
2. Elevate legs above heart
3. Increase IV fluid
4. Notify anesthesia provider and surgeon
5. Medicate
6. Assess |
| What should be done in the event of a wound dehiscence and evisceration? | Cover immediately with moistened sterile dressing and notify the surgeon |
| What hourly amount of postoperative urinary output is acceptable? | 30mL/hr |
| An SCD should not be disconnected for more than _____ | 30 minutes |
| Inflation of SCD lasts ___ seconds and deflation lasts for ___ seconds | Inflation - 12 seconds
Decompression- 48 seconds |
| What does ABCDEF stand for? | A- Allergy
B- Bleeding tendencies
C- Cortisone or steroid use
D- Diabetes mellitus
E- Emboli
F- Fighting ability |
| The perioperative period encompasses which 3 phases? | 1. Preoperative
2. Intraoperative
3. Postoperative |
| Which two conditions increase the risk for atelectasis? | Chronic respiratory disease
Thoracic/abdominal surgery |
| If the patient does not urinate within 8 hours of surgery, palpate above the _________ to determine bladder distention | Symphysis pubis |
| During general anesthesia, the patient is in a state of unconsciousness that is _________. | Reversible |
| List the 3 methods of regional anesthesia: | Epidural
Nerve block
Spinal |
| Respiratory ______ may develop if the level of anesthesia rises | Paralysis |
| What is the protocol to ensure surgery at the right site/right procedure? | 1. Preoperative verification process
2. Mark the operative site
3. Timeout for all team members; verify correct patient, procedure, site, and implants |
| During the intraoperative phase, the nurse assumes one of two roles ______ or ______ | Scrub nurse or circulating nurse |
| When a patient regains consciousness, what is commonly the first need expressed? | Relief from pain |
