| Computer is a ... | Programmable electronic device |
| Computer | Accepts input; performs processing operations; outputs the results; and provides storage for data, programs, or output when needed |
| Most computers today also have ... | Communications capabilities |
| Information processing cycle | Progression of input, processing, output, and storage |
| Data is ... | The raw, unorganized facts that are input into the computer to be processed |
| Information | Data that the computer has processed into a useful form |
| Data can exist in many forms | Representing text, graphics, audio, and video |
| Abacus | One of the first calculating devices |
| Early computing devices that predate today’s computers | The slide rule, the mechanical calculator, and Dr. Herman Hollerith’s Punch Card Tabulating Machine and Sorter. |
| First-generation computers | Powered by vacuum tubes |
| Computers people are .. | Programmers and computer users |
| Computer users | Perform tasks or obtain information |
| First-generation computers examples | ENIAC and UNIVAC |
| Second-generation computers | Used transistors |
| Third-generation computers | Used integrated circuit (IC) |
| Fourth-generation computers | Use microprocessors and are frequently connected to the Internet and other networks |
| Specific tasks or applications | Word processing, Web browsing, photo touch-up, and so on |
| Fifth-generation computers | Based on artificial intelligence |
| A computer is made up of ... | Hardware and software |
| Hardware | The actual physical equipment that makes up the computer system |
| Software | The computer's programs |
| Common hardware components include | Input devices, a processing device, output devices, storage devices and storage media, and communications device |
| Windows desktop | The basic workspace for Windows’ |
| Input devices | The keyboard and mouse |
| The operating system allows | The boot process and controls operation of the computer |
| A processing device | Central processing unit |
| Output devices | Monitor/display, screens and printers |
| Storage devices | Hard drives, CDs and DVD drives, USB flash drives, and flash memory cards |
| Software programs are written using a ... | Programming language |
| Most software programs today use a ... | Variety of graphical objects that are selected to tell the computer what to do |
| Controls operation of the computer | Allow users to run other types of software and to manage their files |
| The boot process | Starting a computer |
| Type of communications devices | Modem, network adapter |
| A communication devices to allow users to ... | Connect to the internet or other network |
| Application software | Consists of programs designed to allow people to perform specific tasks or applications |
| Storage media | Compact disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) |
| A software is made up of ... | System software and application software |
| All computers need ... | System software |
| Programmers | Write programs |
| The basic part of system software is a ... | Operating system (OS) |
| In addition to hardware, software, data, and procedures a computer system includes | People |
| Examples of operating systems | Windows, Mac OS, Linux |
