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level: Respiratory continued

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Respiratory continued

Question	Answer
Aspiration pneumonia is also called:	Necrotizing pneumonia
What should be collected before administering antibiotics to a patient with pneumonia?	Sputum culture
How should a patient with pneumonia be positioned?	In high-fowlers position, with good lung down
What is the recommended fluid intake for a patient with pneumonia?	3L / day
How often should the immunocompromised or older adult receive the pneumococcal vaccine?	Every 5 years
What is the most common cause of death from infectious disease in North America?	Pneumonia
What is pleurisy?	Inflammation of the visceral and parietal pleura
Pleurisy is most commonly a complication of ______.	Pneumonia
When a patient has pleurisy, the affected side should be _______.	Splinted; apply heat to the area
In pleurisy, inspiratory pain may radiate to _____ or _______.	The shoulder or abdomen of the affected side.
If pleural effusion becomes infected, it is called ______.	Empyema
The patient with empyema may have a persistent ______ in spite of receiving antibiotics.	Fever
How much fluid should be removed during thoracentesis at a time?	1300 - 1500 mL
What happens if the intrapleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric pressure?	The lungs will collapse
Sa02 of less than ___ is considered life-threatening	70%
What is atelectasis?	Collapse of the alveoli
What is a common postoperative complication?	Atelectasis
List clinical manifestations associated with atelectasis:	Tachypnea Dyspnea Pleural friction rub Hypertension Elevated temperature
How often should a patient with atelectasis implement the incentive spirometer?	10 times every hour while awake
What is a pneumothorax?	Collapsed lung due to a collection of air or gas in the pleural space
Breath sounds will be _______ in a patient with a pneumothorax	Decreased
What position should a patient with a pneumothorax be placed in?	High-Fowler's
What kind of medications should be avoided for a patient with a pneumothorax?	Medications that cause respiratory depression; Demerol, Dilauded, acetaminophen with hydrocodone
What is the leading cause of death from cancer in both men and women?	Lung cancer
What is a primary risk factor for development of lung cancer?	A history of smoking, for 20 years or more
Which vitamins are recommended to reduce he risk of developing lung cancer?	Vitamins A and E
Which supplements are shown to raise the the risk of lung cancer in smokers?	Beta-carotene
Lung cancer is usually ______ in the early stages.	Asymptomatic
A thrombus that breaks loose and travels anywhere in the body is referred to as an _______.	Embolus
Heparin does not dissolve a clot, it keeps it from _______.	Enlarging
What kind of filter might be placed in the inferior vena cava if multiple PE's are present?	Umbrella filter
A massive PE can be dissolved with ______.	Thrombolytics (ie. Activase)
Cor pulmonale is characterized by the hypertrophy of the _____ ventricle as a result of hypertension of the pulmonary circulation.	Right
Cor pulmonale is a late sign of ________	Emphysema
What are the two types of COPD?	Emphysema and chronic bronchitis
How much oxygen should be administered to a patient with COPD?	1-2 L
What is hypercapnia?	Greater than normal amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood
When does an acute asthma attack usually occur?	At night
What are leukotriene modifiers are used for?	Chronic treatment of asthma
The abnormal permanent dilation of one or more bronchi is called _______.	Bronchiectasis