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level: Level 1 - Definitions

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1 - Definitions

Question	Answer
A change in the environment that can be detected by a receptor.	Stimulus
A stimulus may trigger this in an organism.	Response
An organ that brings about a response - a muscle or a gland.	Effector
Maintaining constant internal conditions in the body e.g. Body temperature, water content, blood sugar levels.	Homeostasis
The process where a change in the body is detected and brings about events that return conditions to normal.	Negative Feedback
A collection of cells that secrete hormones into the blood.	Endocrine Glands
An organ of the body that contain cells that respond to a particular hormone.	Target Organ
A region at the base of the brain which secretes hormones and monitors various drives such as hunger/thirst.	Hypothalamus
A gland at the base of the brain which secretes a number of hormones.	Pituitary Gland
Bundles of neurones (nerve cells) connecting receptors and effectors to the CNS.	Nerves
Brain and Spinal Cord make up this part of a system.	The Central Nervous System
Every neurone and receptor that is not in the brain or the spinal cord makes up this half of a system.	The Peripheral Nervous System
Another word for Nerve cell.	Neurone
A gap between two neurones which relies on a chemical neurotransmitter to pass on action potential.	Synapse
A chemical that allows transmission of an action potential across a synapse.	Neurotransmitter
A ring of muscle that alters the shape of the lens during accommodation.	Ciliary Muscles
The two muscles that control the size of the pupil dependent on light intensity.	Radial and Circular Muscles
A receptor type in the eye that can detect colour.	Cone
A receptor type in the eye that can detect light intensity.	Rod
Changing of energy into one form of energy from another.	Transduction
Type of neurone that takes an impulse from the receptor to the CNS.	Sensory
Type of neurone that takes an impulse from the CNS to an effector organ.	Motor