Buscar
Estás en modo de exploración. debe iniciar sesión para usar MEMORY

   Inicia sesión para empezar

level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

QuestionAnswer
What are three types of ultraviolet light?UVA, UVB, UVC
Test used to diagnose fungal infections of the skin and nails. Skin scrapings and a nail clipping are used for cultures. Painless procedure.KOH potassium hydroxide examination and culture
Examination using black light in a dark room to reveal superficial skin infections and changes in pigmentation. It is noninvasive and painless.Wood's light examination
Test to identify substances patients are allergic to. Common irritants are applied to the skin and covered with special patches or tape. The areas are read after 48, 72, and 96 hours (sometimes one week). Skin reactions may include redness, swelling, and blisters. The test is painless.Patch testing
Removal of tissue for microscopic examination. May require just a dressing, may require sutures.biopsy
Biopsy post procedural careInspect for bleeding. Apply direct pressure if needed. Return for suture removal if needed.
This procedure will have a lesion washed and opened to obtain a fluid sample to test for viral infections, and may cause mild discomfort. results are immediate.Tzanck test
The top of a lesion is taken off to test for the presence of mites, eggs, or their feces, and may be briefly uncomfortable.Scabies scraping
What must a patient avoid taking 48 hours before a biopsy to prevent excessive bleeding?NSAIDs or aspirin
A type of biopsy where the specimen is no deeper than the dermis.Shave biopsy
A type of biopsy where a circular tool cuts around the lesion which is lifted and severedPunch biopsy
A wedge of tissue is removed from a lesionincisional biopsy
Removal of an entire lesion, deep specimen. Sutures will be required to close the site.excisional biopsy
acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir, foscarnet are oral _____, used to treat _________antivirals Herpes(simplex I, II, zoster)
doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline, and erythromycin are oral ______ used to treat ______. They can cause a sensitivity to _______.antibiotics acne UV light
terbinafine(Lamisil), griseofulvin (Fulvicin P/G), and ketoconazol (Nizoral) are oral ________ when topical medications do not get a response. They are commonly used for _____ infectionsantifungals nail
Give ketoconazole with _____ or _____ to minimize GI effects.food milk
_______ is an oral antifungal that decreases the effect of warfaringriseofulvin
When applying topical _______, avoid occlusive dressings, keep away from mouth and eyes. temporary skin irritation is common.antimicrobials
raised, solid lesion defined edges less than 1cm (mole, wart)PAPULE
raised, defined cavity filled with pus (acne, impetigo)PUSTULE
macule greater than 1cm (vitiligo)PATCH
Combined papules that form a raised area greater than 1cm in diameter (psoriasis)PLAQUE
Distinct flat area with color different from surrounding tissue (freckle, petechiae, hypopigmentation)MACULE
Superficial, irregular swelling caused by fluid accumulation (allergic response, insect bite)WHEAL
Firm/soft lesion that extends deep into dermis (lipoma, hemangioma)TUMOR
Thin-walled, fluid-filled chamber >1cm (Blister)BULLA
Thick, dried exudate remaining after vesicles rupture (impetigo, weeping eczematous dermatitis)CRUST
Dry or greasy skin flakes (psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, eczema)SCALE
Distinct, linear crack extending into dermis (Chellosis, tinea pedis)FISSURE
Shallow, superficial depression (impetigo, herpes zoster/simplex lesions after rupture)EROSION
Depression deeper than erosion, may bleed (Pressure injury, chancre)ULCER
Abrasion caused by scratching (Scratching with insect bites, scabies, dermatitis)EXCORIATION
Flat or raised, color darker than surrounding skinNEVUS (Mole)
The use of light and photosensitive drugs to promote shedding of the epidermisPhototherapy
Pigmented spots on sun exposed areas (liver spots)LENTIGINES
Large, purplish bruises from minor trauma that resolve slowlySENILE PURPURA
Waxy, raised lesions that are flesh colored to dark brown or black and variously sizedSEBORRHIC KERATOSIS
Small, soft, raised lesions that are flesh colored or pigmented (skin tags)ACROCHORDONS
6 Aging changes of the skin1 Thinning skin layers and degeneration of elastin resulting in wrinkles 2 decreased size and number of sweat glands 3 decreased sebum production 4 dryness and pruritus (itching) increased 5 decreased melanin production, increased paleness 6 development of skin lesions
What conditions may be treated with phototherapy?Psoriasis, vitiligo, chronic eczema
raised cavity filled with fluid less than 1cm (Herpes simplex/zoster)VESICLE
Raised solid lesion >1cm, may be hard or soft, may extend deeper into dermis than papule (Fibroma, xanthoma)NODULE
Fluid-filled cavity in dermis or subcutaneous tissue (Sebaceous cyst)CYST
What are contraindications to phototherapy because the conditions are aggravated by the treatment?History of herpes simplex infection skin cancer cataracts lupus erythematosus
After phototherapy the patient may have _____ and _____pruritus and dry skin
Signs of phototoxicity are _____,_____ and _____, and should be assessedredness, vesicles, pain
This is used with UVA phototherapy to treat vitiligo, psoriasis, and cutaneous T-cell lymphomaPSORALIN/ 8 methoxypsoralen
Phototherapy patient education. What should the patient do 8 hr before and after treatment?wear sunscreen wear protective clothing wear dark glasses *decreases exposure to other sources of ultraviolet light
The type of phototherapy specifically used to treat psoriasis and atopic dermatitisGOECKERMAN REGIMEN
The Goeckerman regimen uses ____ _____ bath and topical _____ product before exposure to _______ light.tar emulsion tar ultraviolet
Topical drug capable of dissolving keratin, slowing bacterial growth and used to treat dandruff, acne, and psoriasis is a _____ drug.Keratolytic
What are 4 keratolytics?benzoyl peroxide salicylic acid sulfur coal tar
What are the side effects for keratolytic drugs?dryness, irritation, scaling, edema, photosensitivity
Nursing interventions for keratolytics?Avoid excessive sun exposure Assess effects
What are 3 topical antibacterial agents used to treat skin disorders?bacitracin polysporin(bacitracin and polymixin B) silver sulfadiazine (Silvadine)
The topical antibacterial agents ______ and _____ treat skin infections and partial-thickness (first degree burns)bacitracin and polysporin
The antibacterial agent __________ treats wound infection with serious burnsSilver Sulfadiazine (Silvadene)
When treating a skin infection with bacitracin or polysporin, what potential side effects may occur?Contact dermatitis Allergy (rare) itching burning anaphylaxis
What are nursing interventions for the use of bacitracin and polysporin?Ask about allergies apply as prescribed report itching, burning, rash, redness
Possible side effects of silver sulfadiazine includerash pruritus burning pain nephritis, anorexia (rare) blood dyscrasias hepatitis nephrosis hypoglycemia
nursing interventions for the use of silver sulfadiazineapply using gloves to clean burn surface use a 4x4 gauze or tongue blade, do not double dip cover burn completely and continuously Monitor: renal and GI distress headache joint pain hepatic function vital signs CBC serum glucose
name 5 topical antifungalsnystatin clotrimazole (mycostatin, Mycelex) oxiconazole (Oxistat) naftifine (Naftin) terbinafine (Lamisil)
Side effects of topical antifungals?Irritation erythema burning rash abdominal cramps and cystitis for vaginal preparations
What are nursing interventions for topical antifungals?apply as ordered do not use occlusive dressings unless ordered
Name 3 topical anti-inflammatory agentshydrocortisone (Cortizone) triamcinolone (Aristocort) fluocinolone (Bio-Syn)
Side effects of ________agents include itching, erythemia, irritation, severe allergic reactions (rare), systemic drug absorptionanti-inflammatory
What are nursing interventions for anti-inflammatory agents?do not use occlusive dressing without order apply sparingly, rub in thoroughly
azelaic acid (Azelex), clindamycin (Cleocin), erythomycin (Eryderm), and benzoyl peroxide are topical ________agentsantimicrobial
Pruritus, burning, stinging, tingling, and mild to moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris are side effects for topical ______antimicrobials