| Atoms | 1) Atoms radius - around 1 × 10^-10 metres
2) The total number of protons and neutrons is called the mass number(top) and the number of protons is called the atomic number(bottom)
3) An ion is an atom that has lost or gained one or more electron |
| Isotopes | 1) Amount of protons determines what element it is (e.g. 17 protons means Chlorine)
2) Isotopes are forms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons (mass number changes) |
| Ions | 1) Normally, atoms are neutral. They have the same number of protons in the nucleus as they have electrons orbiting in the energy levels around the nucleus.
2) Atoms can lose or gain electrons due to collisions or other interactions forming charged particles called ions:
- Loss of electron/s, positively-charged ion
- Gain of electron/s, negatively-charged ion |
