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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
Infection (viral, bacterial)	Intrinsic
Tissue stressed to the point of mechanical failure due to excessive force	Extrinsic
Direct immediate consequence of excessive force (trauma)	Primary Injury
Delayed injury some time after initial trauma	Secondary Injury
Mechanical failure of soft tissue due to excessive force occurring in a single bout Sudden onset of short duration	Acute Injury
Mechanical failure of soft tissue due to repeated micro-trauma occurring over an extended period of time Gradual onset and are of prolonged duration	Chronic Injury
Exposed Breaks the surface of the skin	Open
Unexposed Any injury that does not involve disruption of the skin surface	Closed
Extent of deformation under loading Degree of deformation depends on: Tissue composition Speed of applied load Frequency of loading Direction of loading	Deformation/Strain
Tension Compression Shear Bending Torsion Combined	Six primary mechanical forces that cause injury
Creates a pulling action trying to elongate the structure	Tension
Creates a pushing action tending to shorten the structure	Compression
Tissue is seldom loaded in one mode only Subjected to multiple indeterminate loads	Combined loading
Bone name Diaphysis, epiphysis	Description of Fracture: Site
Partial, complete	Extent
Open, closed	Description of Fracture: Relationship to environment
60-80 for adults 80-100 for children	Pulse
If an athlete appears to have a fracture, any suspected fracture should be splinted	Splinting Injuries
Rigid splints Vacuum Splints Sam Splints	Splint Types
History Observation Palpation Special tests	HOPS
Range of Motion Strength Testing Joint Stability Testing Functional Performance Testing	Special Tests
Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation	RICE
Going for a run and your body heats up	Metabolic Heat Production
Direct physical contact with an object/structure Heat is then transferred into or out of the body	Conductive Heat Exchange
Body heat can be either lost or gained depending on the temperature of the circulating medium	Convective Heat Exchange
Radiant heat from sunshine causes an increase in body temperature	Radiant Heat Exchange
Sweat glands in skin transport water to the surface Effects of Humidity	Evaporative Heat Loss
Minimal rate = 7-10oz every 10-20 minutes	Maintain Proper Hydration
Heat Cramps Heat Syncope Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke	Heat Illness
Causes your body to overheat	Humidity