| Below dermis
• Foundation of skin
• Attaches skin to underlying muscle and bone • Contains loose and adipose tissue
• Contains 1⁄2 of body’s fat
• Body fat for females 20-23%, males 13-25% | Hypodermis |
| List the sensory receptors of the skin. | Meissner's Corpuscle
Merkel-Ranvier Corpuscle
Pacinian Corpuscle
Krause Corpuscle
Ruffini's Corpuscle
Free nerve ending |
| Corpuscle responsible for heat | Ruffini's Corpuscle |
| Corpuscle responsible for cold | Krause Corpuscle |
| Corpuscle responsible for light touch | Merkel-Ranvier Corpuscle |
| Corpuscle responsible for Sensations,vibrations,discriminitive touch | Meissner's Corpuscle |
| Corpuscle responsible for Pressure | Pacinian Corpuscle |
| Corpuscle responsible for Pain | Free nerve ending |
| All races have the same number of ______ but have different number of ________. | Melanocytes,Melanin |
| Who has more melanin in skin,darker people or fairer skinned? | Darker people |
| What are the 3 Skin pigments contribute to skin color? | Melanin
Carotene
Hemoglobin |
| Part of the skin pigment
produced by MELANOCYTES
• ranges from yellow to reddish-brown to black
• responsible for hair and eye color
• provides protection against UV light
• amount produced determined by genetics, UV light, hormones
• freckles are accumulation of melanin | Melanin |
| It is absence of melanin (congenital
disorder) | Albinism |
| Melanin is a polymer made of what acid? | Tyrosine Amino Acids |
| Part of the skin pigment
• yellow-orange pigment found in plants
• accumulates in stratum corneum | Carotene |
| Part of the skin pigment
• gives pinkish-red color
• found in red blood cells | Hemoglobin |
| Exposure to UV light stimulates melanocytes to (decrease,increase) of melanin | Increase |
| List the skin color and its possible disease. | • Redness: fever, hypertension, inflammation, allergies
• Pallor: anemia or low blood pressure
• Jaundice: liver disorder (yellow)
• Bronzing: Addison’s disease (kidney disease)
• Bruising: broken blood vessels |
| It is a disease that is also called adrenal insufficiency, is an uncommon disorder that occurs when your body doesn't produce enough of certain hormones. | Addison’s disease |
| What are the different parts of the hair? | Hair
Root
Hair bulb
Hair follicle |
| Why old people tend to have a white hair or gray hair? | Because the melanin produce color in hair,It is lessen as you grow older that results to have a white,gray or transparent hair color. |
| base of root where hair is produced | Hair bulb |
| below skin in hair (scalp) | Hair root |
| flexible strands of keratinized cells in HAIR | hair or the shaft |
| • group of cells that surround root and bulb
• gives hair different shapes | Hair follicle |
| what are the 3 phases for hair grwoth? | anagen,catagen,telogen |
| • smooth muscle that surrounds each hair follicle
• contracts and hair strands on end (goose bumps) | Arrector Pili Muscle |
| What are the 3 glands of the skin? | Sebaceous Glands
Eccrine Glands
Apocrine Glands |
| Gland that is connected to hair follicle
produces oil in surface of the skin and hair. | Sebaceous Glands |
| Gland that found all over body and open into sweat pores
• water and salt secretions
Produce acidic sweat | Eccrine Glands |
| Gland that release fatty acids & Proteins
Causes body odor when broken down by bacteria.
• open into hair follicle
• onlyinarmpitsandgenitalia
• thick,richsecretions
• becomeactiveduringpubertyandcausebody
odor | Apocrine Glands |
| What are the parts of the nails? | Nail Body
Nail Root
Nail matrix
Nail Bed
Lunula
Free edge |
| What happen to blood vessels to cool the body of a person? | the blood vessles in dermis will dilate and the heat is tranferred from deep in tissues to the skin and sweat is produced. |
| What happen to blood vessels to heat the body of a person? | the blood vessels constrict to reduce blood flow to skin and heat is retained. |
| What degree in burns that
• damages only epidermis
• redness, slight swelling, pain
• heals within 2-3 days (usually no scar)
• includes sunburns or exposure to cold | 1ST DEGREE |
| What degree in burns that
• destroys epidermis and dermis
• burned areas are cherry red to black
• nerve endings are destroyed
• skin graft might be necessary | 3rd Degree |
| What degree in burns that
• damages epidermis and upper dermis
• redness, swelling, pain, blisters
• heals in 2 weeks with some scarring | 2nd Degree |
| What degree in burns that
• Penetrate deep tissue to fat, muscle, bone
• Require immediate professional treatment
• Maybe associated to complete limb loss or
the need for complex reconstruction | 4th Degree |
| What are the types of skin cancer? | Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma |
| Skin cancer that is
• cells above stratum basale affected
• can cause death | Squamous cell Carcinoma |
| Skin cancer that is
• cells in stratum basale affected
• cancer removed by surgery | Basal cell carcinoma |
| Skin cancer that is
• arises from melanocytes in a mole
• rare type
• can cause death | Malignant melanoma |
| what is malignant and benign means? | malignant-cancer that affects other areas
benight-cancer that do not affect other areas. |
