Science Flash Cards Aves
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| What is Mitosis? | A cell division that produces two identical daughter cells |
| What if a person eye colour is bb, what would there eye colour? | Bb is a recessive gene meaning that the persons phenotype would be blue. |
| What if a person eye colour is bb, what would there eye colour? | Bb is a recessive gene meaning that the persons phenotype would be blue. |
| What if a person eye colour is bb, what would there eye colour? | Bb is a recessive gene meaning that the persons phenotype would be blue. |
| What if a person eye colour is bb, what would there eye colour? | Bb is a recessive gene meaning that the persons phenotype would be blue. |
| What is a Somatic Cell? | Somatic cells are all body cells except the sex cells (sperm and ova) |
| Are Somatic Cells diploid cells? | Indeed they are because they have two sets of genetic information (one set from daddy & one set from mummy) |
| What if a person eye colour is bb, what would there eye colour? | Bb is a recessive gene meaning that the persons phenotype would be blue. |
| What does Mitiosis actually do? | The process of mitosis replaces the damaged cells in our body. |
| What if a person eye colour is bb, what would there eye colour? | Bb is a recessive gene meaning that the persons phenotype would be blue. |
| Provide three example on what mitiosis replaces. | Most common ones are intestine, skin, bone and blood. |
| NA | NA |
| What if a person eye colour is bb, what would there eye colour? | Bb is a recessive gene meaning that the persons phenotype would be blue. |
| What if a person eye colour is bb, what would there eye colour? | Bb is a recessive gene meaning that the persons phenotype would be blue. |
| What are the 4 phases of mitiosis? | Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase |
| What is prophase? | Chromosomes become visible and double (replicate). |
| What is Metaphase? | Chromosomes that line up along the middle of the cell. |
| What is Anaphase? | Chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell |
| What is Telophase | Cell splits into two cells (daughter cells). |
| What is prophase in meiosis? | There is no prophase because the chromosomes do not double. |
| What is metaphase in meiosis ? | Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell. |
| What is Anaphase in meiosis? | Chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell |
| What is telophase in meiosis? | Cell splits into four haploid cells. |
| What are they called if two Alleles are the same? | If both alleles are the same it is said to be Homozygous (BB or bb) |
| What are they called if two Alleles are different? | If the two alleles are different it is said to be Heterozygous (Bb). |
| What if the alleles of a person is Bb, what colour would their eye be? | The B is dominant gene which would result in the person having brown eyes. |
| What is meiosis? | Cell division that produces four daughters that are not genetically identical. |
| What is Mitosis? | A cell division that produces two identical daughter cells |
| How is sex determined by genes | One of the 23 pairs of chromosomes can be either XX for Female or XY for Male |
| What is an allele | Different versions of the same gene |
| What is a recessive allele | A version of a gene where two copies are needed for it to be expressed |
| What is a dominant Allele | A version of a gene where only one copy is needed for it to be expressed |
| What if a person eye colour is bb, what would there eye colour? | Bb is a recessive gene meaning that the persons phenotype would be blue. |
| What is phenotype | The visible characteristic |
| Type of cells meiosis produce | Sex cells(EGG AND SPERM) |
| What is a sex linked characteristic | A characteristic where the gene responsible is located on a sex chromosomes |
| What is co dominance | When both alleles affect the phenotype |
| What do pedigrees show | The inheritance of an allele over generations |
| What is a gene | A section of DNA that codes for specific protein |
| What is a chromosome | Tightly packaged DNA in a thread-like structure that carries information in the form of genes. |
| Outline the theory of natural selection | Selection pressures Random mutation gives organism a selective advantage Organism is better adapted to the environment and survives Organism reproduces, passing on allele |
| What is evolution | A gradual change in the inherited traits within a population over time. |
| What is mutation? | A random change to the sequence in DNA which results in genetic variants |
| What is genetic variation | Variations in the genotypes of organisms of the same species due to the presence of different alleles Creates differences in phenotype |
| What are the two causes of variation within a species | Genetics Environmental |
| What is variation | Differences in the characteristics of individuals population |
| State the defining equation for newtons second law | F= Mass x acceler |
| What is the difference between speed and velocity? | Speed is scalar (doesn't include direction) Velocity is a vector, so has it direction |
| What is the equation for speed? | Distance/Time |
| What is the unit used for weight? | Newton (N) |
| What is weight? | The force that acts on an object due to gravity and the objects mass. |
| What are the two categories that all forces can be split into? | 1.Contact Forces 2.Non-contact forces |
| What is a force? | A push or pull acting on an object due to an interaction with another object |
| Define mass | The amount of matter contained in an object |
| \What does a curved line represent on a displacement time graph? | Acceleration or deceleration |
| State Newtons third law | When two objects interact they exert forces on each other which are equal and opposite |
| State the defining equation for newtons second law | F= Mass x Acceleration (M x A) |
| What is Newton's second law for a moving object? | The object will remain at constant velocity if no other force acts on it. |
| What is newtons first law? | If the resultant force on a stationary object will remain at rest |
| What is the equation for momentum? | Momentum= Mass x Velocity |
| Give an equation for acceleration | (Final velocity - initial velocity)/ Time |
| What is an element? | An element is a substance of only one type of atom |
| What two subatomic particles make up the mass of an atom? | Protons and neutrons |
| What does the atomic number represent? | The number of protons in the nucleus |
| Why are atoms electrically neutral? | They have the same number of electrons and protons |
| Describe the structure of an atom | A nucleus made up of protons and neutrons with electros orbiting around at a distance |
| What is formed when a non-metal reacts with a non-metal? | Covalently bonded molecule |
| What is formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal? | An ionic compound A salt |
| What are ions? | Ions are charged particles, they are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons. |
| Give the electronic configurations of the following to demonstrate how shells are occupied by electrons He(2), Be(4),F(9),Na(11) and Ca(20) | He 2 Be 2,2 F 2,7 Na 2,8,1 Ca 2,8,8,2 |
| What is an isotope? | Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons |
| How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an elements? | Subtract the atomic number from the mass number |
| What is a mixture? | A mixture consists of two or more elements or compounds NOT chemically combined |
| What is a compound? | Two or more elements combined chemically |