Physics GCSE
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Physics GCSE - Detalles
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| What is a system? | A single object or a group of objects |
| What is a closed system? | Systems where neither matter nor energy can enter or leave. |
| What is energy? | The ability of an object to do work. |
| What happens when work is done by an object? | Energy is transferred from the object |
| What happens when work is done on an object? | Energy is transferred to the object |
| What is the equation for work done? | Work done = Energy transferred |
| 1KJ = _____ J | 1000J |
| 1 MJ= _______J | 1,000,000J |
| What is kinetic energy? | Energy possessed by a moving object |
| What is chemical energy? | Energy stored in the bond between atoms e.g food, fuel |
| What is thermal energy? | Energy of random motion of the particle in an object. The hotter it is, the more energy it has in this store. |
| What is gravatational potential energy? | The energy an object has due to its position in a gravitational field |
| What is magnetic energy? | The energy an object has due to its position in a magnetic field |
| What is electrostatic energy? | The energy an object has due to its position in an electric field. |
| What is elastic potential energy? | The energy stored in an object when its shape has changed |
| What is nuclear energy? | The energy stored between the particles in the nuclei of atoms (is only released in fission or fusion reactions) |
| What happen when a ball is thrown vertically upwards? | Energy is transferred from kinetic energy to gravitational energy |
| True/ false - the total amount of enrgy possessed by a ball is constant after it is thrown upwards | True |
| What happens when a ball is horizontally kicked? | Energy is transferred from chemical to kinetic energy store |
| What happens when a kettle is heated up? | Energy is transferred from electrostatic energy to thermal energy of the kettle's heating element store electrically as a system |
| What happens when a driver brakes on his car to rest with no acceleration after he rest. | Energy is transferred from kinetic to thermal energy store. |
| What happens when a jack in a box pops up? | Energy is transferred mechanically as a system from elastic energy store of the compressed spring to the kinetic energy store and gravitational potential. |
| What is the energy when two north poles are near each other? | There is transfer of energy from magnetic energy to kinetic energy store |
| What happens when wood is burnt? | Energy is transferred by heating from chemical to thermal energy store. |
| What happens when you power a filament bulb with a lamp? | Energy is transferred from chemical energy store to thermal energy store and emits visible light. |
| What is the specific heat capacity? | The amount of energy it takes to increase the temperature of1kg of that material by 1C. |
| What is sound energy? | The movement of energy through a substance like air or water caused by vibration. |
| What is power? | The rate at which energy is transferred |
| 1kW=______W | 1000W |
| 1mW=______W | 1000000W |
| What is time measured in? | Seconds |
| What equipments do you need for investigating specific heat capacity? | Thermometer, immersion heater, cylinder made from insulating material and joulemeter to main energy supply |
| What does a joulemeter do? | It is an electronic device used to measure the energy transfer by electricity in a circuit |
| What does a Wattmeter do? | It is an electronic device used to measure watts |
| What should you do for the specific heat capacity required practical activity if you do not have access to a joulemeter or wattmeter | Connect an ammeter in in series with the heater and voltmeter in parallel |
| What does an ammeter do? | Measures current in amps |
| What does a voltmeter do? | Measures potential difference |
| What is Δθ? | Change in temperature |
| What is ΔE? | Change in thermal energy |
| What is m? | Mass |
| What is c? | Specific heat capacity (J/ Kg°c) |
| What is E? | Energy transferred |
| What is t? | Time |
| What is P? | Power |
| What is W? | Work done |
| What is the principle of conservation of energy? | Energy can not be created or destroyed; it can only be converted from one form to another |
| A child drops a football and soon enough drops and hits the ground. What happens to the energy stored as it hits the ground? | Ep decreases, Ek increases |
| When the boy drops the football, the ball falls but had a few bounces against the rock. Why does the ball still bounce, however gets slower? | The Ep and Ek gets lower and some of the energy which the ball originally had, get transferred to the surrounding air (and thermal energy in the ball itself) whilst it falls. |
| What is dissipate mean? | Spread out |
| What is air resistance? | A type of friction between air and another material |
| How is energy dissipated in a cog? | Kinetic energy gets transferred to thermal energy so the energy will rise up and cause energy to the surroundings. |
| What is the energy transfer if a car is moving at a constant speed? | Chemical energy is transferred to its thermal energy |
| A plane takes off. How is its energy being transferred? | The chemical energy of fuel of a plane is transferred to its kinetic and gravitational potential energy |
| How is energy dissipated in a circuit? | Electrical resistance |
| What is the energy transfer in a circuit? | Chemical energy is transferred to electromagnetic energy, heat energy and light energy |
| How can useful heat energy be dissipated? | All the thermal energy released by fire gets transferred to the surroundings |
| How can lubrication reduce amount of energy dissipated from a system? | It reduces the friction between the moving parts of the machine |
| How can using wheels reduce the amount of energy dissipated from a system? | It decreases the friction between an object and the surface over whch it is moving |
| How can making vehicles more streamlined reduce the amount of energy dissipated from a system? | It reduces the amount of air resistance exerted on them |
| How can using low resistance cable in an electric current reduce the amount of energy dissipated from a system? | It reduces the amount of energy dissipated as heat |
| How can adding thermal insulation to a building reduce the amount of energy dissipated from a system? | It reduces the rate at which thermal energy is transferred from it |
| How can a home be insulated? | Cavity wall insulation |
| If the thermal conductivity of a material was lower, what will this mean? | The lower the rate of heat transfer |
| What is efficiency? | The ratio of the useful power output to the total power output |
| What is the equation for efficiency? | Useful output energy transfer/total input energy transfer |
| What is a U-value? | Energy per second which is passing through 1m^2 of material with temperature difference across it of 1C |
| What is conduction? | The process by which vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles |
| What is an example of conduction? | A pan being heated |
| How is energy stores is transferred to an object by heating? | It is transferred to the thermal energy store of the object and is shared across the kinetic energy of the particles in the object. |
| Why would conduction happen in solids instead of liquids and gas? | Particles in a liquid and gas are much freer to move around, so their particles, collide less frequently, which is why they transfer energy by convection rather than conduction. |
| What is an insulator? | A material in which electrical charges cannot easily move |
| What is a conductor? | A material in which electrical charges can easily pass through |
| Where does convection happen | Gases and liquid |
| What is the difference in convection with liquids and gases rather than conduction in solids | Particles in a liquid and gas are able to move around |
| What is thermal conductivity? | A measure of how quickly an object transfers energy by heating through conduction |
| What is thermal conductivity? | A measure of how quickly an object transfer energy by heating through conduction. |
| What is a thermal insulator? | A material with a low thermal conductivity |