Lengua especializada second term - Detalles

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By itself

Per se

That is

Id est

By that very fact itself

Ipso facto

A lawyer who is qualified to plead on behalf of clients

Barrister

In the UK, a training course which enables people who wish to become barristers and who have registered with the Inns of Court to acquire the skills and knowledge to prepare them for the specialised training of the pupillage

Bar Vocational Course

A ceremony held at the end of this training course, when a candidate enters the profession

Call to the Bar

Organisation regulating the legal profession

Bar association

In the USA, an important test taken by law-school graduates which. when passed, qualifies a person to practise law

Bar examination

Granted entrance to the legal profession

Admitted to the Bar

To compel a lawyer to stop practising law due to an offence committed

To disbar

Civil wrong

Tort

Formal proposal for legislation

Bill

Order from a central authority e.g. The European community

Directive

Municipal law (US)

Ordinance

Written law for contracts (UK)

Ordinance

Municipal law (UK)

Bylaw

Written rules for contracts (US)

Bylaw

Demand for money, property or enforcement of a right

Claim

Official proclamation by a court and results from a petition or a motion

Order

A formal written request which may initiate a court case

Petition

A general term for any formal request during a court case

Motion

Court decision on a case and results from a complaint

Ruling

Court case

Proceeding

A lawyer that mainly works in an office drafting documents and giving legal advice

Solicitor

A lawyer who can appear in higher courts (Scottish Barrister)

Advocate (Scotland)

A general term for a lawyer

Attorney

To draw up a document

To draft

A written statement someone makes after they have sworn to tell the truth

Affidavit

An official order by a court that tells someone to stop doing sth

Injunction

A person appointed by a company to examine the company's accounts and report the shareholders annually on those accounts

Auditor

A person appointed by a company, a court or the company's creditor to wind up the company's affairs

Liquidator

A person engaged in developing or taking the initiative to form a company

Promoter

Doctors are also known as:

Physicians

A doctor who replaces another doctor who is ill or in holiday

Locum

An informal way of saying "unwell"

Off colour / under the weather

Inflation is a sign of an ___ economy (not good)

Ailing

Unenthusiastic

Jaundiced

Allergy to pollen and spring

Hay fever

Imaginary party

Reasonable prudent person

In contract remedies, the term for compensation agreed upon by the parties and set forth in the contract that must be paid by one or the other in the event that the contract is breached

Liquidated damages

Compensation determined by the amount of benefit unjustly received by the breaching party

Restitution damages

Compensation for losses which are as a result of special facts and circumstances related to a particular transaction which were forseeable by the breaching party at the time of the contract

Consequential damages

Compensation which seeks to put the non-breaching party in the position he would have been had the contract been performed

Expectation damages

Compensation for a loss that is the natural and logical result of the breach of contract.

Actual damages

A contract clause setting out which party is responsible for the payment of costs related to preparation of the agreement and ancillary documents

Payment of costs

A clause expressing the cause, motive, price or impelling motive which induces one party to enter the agreement

Consideration clause

A clause referring to the amount predetermined by the parties as the total amount of compensation a non-breaching party should receive if the other party breaches a part of the contract

Liquidated damages

A clause prohibiting or permitting assigment under certain conditions

Assignment clause

A clause providing that in the event that one or more provisions of the agreement are declared unenforceable, the balance of the agreement remains in force

Severability clause

Defences to contract formation

Lack of legal capacity / duress / fraud / illegality of subject matter

To incur damages

To stipulate damages

To ascertain damages

To recover damages

To anticipate damages

When your skin is yellow because of a liver problem

To be jaundiced

The likely course of a medical condition. I.e. how it´s likely to develop

Prognosis

A doctrine of contract law that says contracts are only binding on the parties to a contract and that no third party can enforce the contract or be sued under it.

Privity of contract

An exception to the privity of contract principle where the original contract provides for rights to be conferred on a third party.

Beneficiary contract

A contract clause stating that the written terms of an agreement may not be varied by prior or oral agreement because all such agreements have been consolidated into the written document

Entire agreement clause

A contract clause designed to protect against failures to perform contractual obligations caused by unavoidable events beyond the parties' control such as natural disasters or wars

Force majeure

A contract clause outlining when and under which circumstances a contract may be terminated

Termination clause

A contract clause concerning the treating of information as private and not for distribution beyond specifically identified individuals or organizations nor used other than for specifically identified purposes

Confidentiality clause

Clause in a contract requiring the obligor to pay all or a part of a payable amount sooner than as agreed upon the occurrence of some event or circumstance stated in the contract. Usually failure to make payment

Acceleration clause

The place where a group of specially chosen people examine legal problems of a particular type such as employment disputes

Tribunal

A company's chief administrative officer

Secretary

The number of stock units (shares) that a company can issue as stated in its memorandum of association or its articles of incorporation.

Authorized share capital

A person appointed by a shareholder to attend and vote at a meeting in his place when the shareholder is unable to attend

Proxy

A company director responsible for the day-to-day operation of the company

Managing director

A person elected by the shareholders to manage the company and decide its general policy

Director

A person who sues in a civil lawsuit

Claimant

A person who is sued in a civil lawsuit

Defendant

To bring into effect a law

To enact

To remove a law

To repeal a law

To establish a decision in a court case which must be taken into account in future decisions

To set precedent

A formal written statement setting forth the cause of action or the defence in a case

Pleading

Someone who is a member of a company because they acquired shares in the company

Shareholder

If something is ___ it is interpreted in a particular way because sb or sth implies it

Inferred

To perform one´s duties according to the obligations of the contract

To render performance

Transfer of contractual rights and / or duties from one party to a new party

Assignation / assignment

A person appointed by creditors to oversee the repayment of debts

Receiver

Compensation necessary to reimburse the non-breaching party for efforts expended and expenses incurred in the reasonable belief that the contract will be performed

Reliance damages

Aka executor - The person assigned in a will (or testament) to handle the affairs of a person who has died

Personal representative

A person assigned by a court to oversee the finalcial or personal affairs of a person who has become incapacitated

Conservator

If you ___ making a decision, you avoid making it until a later time

Defer

If a contract ___ to confer a right, it claims or attemps to do so, but it does not necessarily confer the right

Purports

Interpretation of a contract. Resolves potential ambiguity

Construction

A parallel contract

Collateral

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