Competency Assessment 1 - Detalles

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The Earth travels around the Sun once each year. The Earth spins on its axis once each a. hour b. day c. week d. year

B. day

All of the planets move in elliptical orbit in the same direction around the Sun, and they lie in the almost the same plane EXCEPT a. Jupiter b. Pluto c. Neptune d. Uranus

Pluto

Distances in the universe are measured in light years. A light year is the distance traveled by the light in one earth year. What is a year? a. It is the time taken between two solar eclipses. b. it is the time taken for the Earth to rotate on its axis. c. it is the time taken for the Moon to orbit the Earth. d. It is the time taken for the Earth to orbit the Sun.

D. It is the time taken for the Earth to orbit the Sun.

Tides occur due to the gravitational pull of of the Moon on the oceans (and to a lesser extent the pull of the Sun). Lower high tides is called neap tide and the extra high tides are called spring tide. Neap tides occur a. every night b. every noontime c. when the Sun and the Moon are at right angles to the Earth. d. when the Sun and the Moon are both in line with the Earth.

C. when the Sun and the Moon are at right angles to the Earth.

The surface gravity of Jupiter is 2.60 times that of the Earth. How much would a 260 N rock in Jupiter weigh on Earth? a. 10 N b. 100 N c. 67. 6 N d. 676 N

B. 100 N

Three great families of rocks are recognized. Rocks that solidify from molten state are _________ rocks. a. igneous b. metamorphic c. sedimentary d. molten

A. igneous

Which of the following is/are the main reason/s why life revolve in earth? a. Water remain liquid on Earth's surface b. The Sun radiates the right amount of heat energy to the Earth. c. The Earth has enough gravity to hold an atmosphere d. All of the above

D. All of the above

Volcanoes erupt due to which of the following reasons? a. It is being supplied with magma b. Its clogged vent has been cleared c. The magma is under pressure and is very buoyant. d. The excessive pressure build-up in the magma chamber.

D. The excessive pressure build-up in the magma chamber.

Rapid withdrawal of groundwater can result in the local lowering of the water table or a. ground subsidence b. salt water incursion c. a cone of depression d. loss of hydrostatic pressure

C. a cone of depression

When precipitation falling on land seeps down from the surface, some of it adheres to the material it is moving through and halts its downward progress. This water is in the zone of aeration where pore spaces contain both water and air. Beneath the zone of aeration lies the zone of saturation where all pores spaces are filled with ground water. What is the surface between the zone of aeration and the underlying zone of saturation called? a. water table b. ground water c. spring d. stream

A. water table

Lunar eclipses occur only at full moon when the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow. What happens during the total eclipse of the Moon? a. The Moon goes beyond the Sun. b. The Moon is between the Earth and the Sun. c. The Sun is between the Earth and the Moon. d. The Earth is between the Sun and the Moon.

D. The Earth is between the Sun and the Moon.

Clouds, the visible products of condensation or deposition within the atmosphere, are composed of minute water droplets, ice crystals, or a combination of two. Fog is a visibility-restricting suspension of tiny water droplets or ice crystals in an air layer in contact with Earth's surface. What is the major difference between a cloud and a fog? a. color b. temperature c. altitude d. water content

C. altitude

Tides result from the gravitational attraction of the Moon and the Sun. Most shoreline areas experience two high tides and two low tides daily. Which pulls greater force on the Earth's oceans? a. the Sun b. the Moon c. both of the same d. it depends upon the time of the day

B. the Moon

The melting of snow in Siberia actually a. tends to warm the atmosphere b. tends to cool the atmosphere c. has no effect on the temperature of the surroundings d. causes the El Niño phenomenon

B. tends to cool the atmosphere

The inner part of the Earth is kept hot by a. radiation b. great insulation c. radioactivity d. enormous pressure

C. radioactivity

How many star/s is/are there in our solar system? a. 1 b. 1 million c. 1 billion d. infinitely many

A.1

The moon's gravitational field strength is 1/6 that of the Earth. An object on Earth has a mass of 600 kg and a weight of 6000 N. What is the mass and weight of the object on the moon? a. 100 kg and 1000 N b. 600 kg and 1000 N c. 600 kg and 36000 N d. 100 kg and 6000 N

B. 600 kg and 1000 N

Most of the minerals in the Earth's crust belong to which of the following groups? a. oxides b. carbonates c. sulfates d. silicates

A. oxides

Which of the following explains why the troposphere is warmest near the Earth's surface? a. The air is most compressed there due to the weight of the atmosphere. b. The radioactive element in the Earth's crust heat the atmosphere above the ground. c. The Earth's surface reradiates the solar energy which heats the atmosphere. d. Lightning strikes the surface which in turn heats the layer above.

C. The Earth's surface reradiates the solar energy which heats the atmosphere.

What is likely to happen if the moisture in the lower layer of an air mass is increased and the heat energy is added? a. it will create instability b. It will increase the stability of the air mass. c. It will cause the upper layers of the air to subside. d. It will create a strong horizontal air movement.

A. it will create instability

It is the region in the atmosphere which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation. a. ozone layer b. ionosphere c. hydrosphere d. thermosphere

A. ozone layer

An "astronomical" unit is a. the diameter of the earth. b. the distance light travels in one year. c. the distance the earth travels in one year. d. the average distance from the earth to the sun which is 1.495 x10^11m.

D. the average distance from the earth to the sun which is 1.495 x10^11m.

Scientists think of the Earth as a system meaning that it consists of a number of related parts that interact in some way. The Earth's system include the Earth-Universe system, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the biosphere, and the solid Earth. None of these systems operates the isolation; all interact to some degree. Habitat of the Earth are found in all of the following EXCEPT : a. desert b. deep ocean c. the Earth's mantle d. the lower atmosphere

C. the Earth's mantle

Minerals, like all other materials, are made up of atoms and are solids possessing orderly internal arrangements of atoms. This means that minerals are a. denser than water b. crystalline c. ionic compound d. made up of single element

B. crystalline

Minerals, like gold,, diamond and sulfur, are known as native elements. Native elements are a. made up of only one element. b. the most common type of minerals. c composed of at least two elements d. commonly used as energy resources.

A. made up of only one element.

The reason why we see eclipses of the moon more often than solar eclipses m even though solar eclipses happen more frequently is that a. the weather is more cloudy during the new moon. b. a lunar eclipse lasts longer than solar eclipse. c. people are not so interested in the solar eclipse. d. lunar eclipses is visible over more than half of Earth compared to less than 20% of the Earth's surface for partial solar eclipse.

D. lunar eclipses is visible over more than half of Earth compared to less than 20% of the Earth's surface for partial solar eclipse.

In the process of evaporation, liquid molecules of water become molecules of water vapor. Water evaporate most readily under the following conditions. a. cold, wet and windless b. hot, dry and windless day c. hot, dry and a lot of wind d. hot and humid with a lot of wind

C. hot, dry and a lot of wind

Igneous rocks originates when magma or lava cools and crystalizes or when pyroclastic materials are consolidated. The two categories of igneous rocks are plutonic rocks, which form within the earth's crust, and volcanic rocks, which form at the surface. Volcanic rocks can easily be distinguished from plutonic rocks by a. its color b. its composition c. its iron-magnesium content d. the size of its mineral crystals

D. the size of its mineral crystals

A slope's shear strength (mountain slope) depends on the slope of material strength and cohesiveness and on the amount of internal friction between the grains. These factors promote slope stability. Which of the following factors can actually promote slope stability? a. water content b. vegetation c. overloading d. none of these

B. vegetation

Mechanical and chemical weathering result in disintegration and decomposition of parent material so that it is more nearly in equilibrium with new physical and chemical conditions. Mechanical weathering involves forces that break rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition. Which mechanical weathering process is involved in the origin of exfoliation domes? a. pressure release b. heating and cooling c. expansion and contraction d. oxidation and reduction

A. pressure release

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