Chapter 15 - Gene Regulation
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Chapter 15 - Gene Regulation - Marcador
Chapter 15 - Gene Regulation - Detalles
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Regulation can occur at any step in the expression process, but most often it is done at | Transcription |
| Found in chromosome arms - | Euchromatin |
| Found in centromeres and telomeres- | Heterochromatin |
| Highly acetylated- | Heterochromatin |
| Highly condensed- | Heterochromatin |
| Gene poor- | Heterochromatin |
| Gene rich- | Euchromatin |
| MiRNAs cause- | To be degraded |
| The TATA box is part of- | The core promoter |
| Repressors bind to - | Silencers |
| RNA polymerase binds to- | The core promoter |
| Phosphorylation is a form of- | Post-translarional modification |
| A single gene can code for | For more than one type of protein |
| Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 (e-IF-2) must be | Dephosphorylated before translation can occur. |
| The proteasome- | Destroys proteins |
| Methylation of DNA and histones causes nucleosomes to | Pack tightly together with no transcription and express |
| Histone acetylation results in | Loose packing of nucleosomes with trtranscrption and express |
| Epigenetic changes to the chromatin may result from | Aging Diet, drug, development and environmental chemical |
| Epigenetic changes may result in | Cancer, Autoimmune disease, mental disorders and diabetes.) |
| Histones are proteins around which | DNA winds for compaction and gene regulation |
| Dna methylation and chemical modification of histone tails alter | The spacing of nucleosomes and change gene expression. |
| The major steps of transcription are | Initiation, promoter clearance, elongation, and termination. |
| Proteins that help (activators) bind to | Enhancer sequences |
| Proteins that hinder (repressors) bind to | Silencer sequences |
| The longer a protein “lives”, | The more proteins can be translated from it |
| MiRNAs cause- | To be degraded |
| Dicer – | Protein that cuts double-stranded RNA |
| RISC – RNA- | Induced Silencing Complex |
| When elf-2 is not phosphorylates, | Translation occurs |
| When elf-2 is phosphorylates, | Translation is blocked |
| Transcription initiation | 1,2.3.4 |
| Ubiquitin – 76 amino acid protein found in | All eukaryotes |
| RBPs bind to the untranslated regions and determine the | “lifespan” of a particular mRNA |