Bino Lec Quiz and Exam - Detalles

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1) Chapter 1 Visualizar

Preguntas:

125 preguntas

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A _______ lens is composed of prism base out component.

Minus

A ______ lens is composed of prism base in component.

Plus

T or F: A minus lens stimulates divergence and relaxation, while a plus lens stimulates convergence and accommodation.

False

Lateral phoria tests are also called as ________.

Von Graefe Techniques

“The reserve should be twice as the demand”.

Sheard’s Criterion

What is the prism used in VT#16a and b?

Prism Base Out

What is the prism used in VT#17a and b?

Prism Base In

T or F: If the patient can sustain the demand because of a high fusional reserve, the patient has a compensated phoria.

True

T or F: In the horopter, fovea has a bigger area on the horizontal

True

Lenses and prisms are called as __________.

Probe Bodies

T or F: VT#19 is also known as the Near Point of Accommodation

False

It is the maximum amount of accommodation the patient can exert when looking at near.

Amplitude of Accommodation

T or F: The three synkinetic actions are Convergence, Constipation and Accommodation

False

T or F: In presbyopic patients, the Add is wanting to help the patient to see clearly at near, adding to the existing accommodation

True

T or F: VT#19, 20 and 21 are accommodation tests.

True

T or F: In VT#19, plus is added to blur to patients that are non-presbyopic.

False

T or F: In VT#20, we use minus lens to stimulate the accommodation

True

T or F: In demonstrating VT#21, the target is Jaeger’s card and is binocularly done.

False

It is the most commonly recognized binocular dysfunction

Convergence Insufficiency

T or F: Convergence insufficiency may experience doubling vision at near, words moving around the page or words swimming

True

T or F: Convergence insufficiency has a low AC/A ratio with increased Exo at near

True

T or F: In Basic Exophoria, it shows large exophoria, equal in deviation at distance and near.

True

It refers in which the tonic position is exophoric at far and the AC/A is normal. The far and near exo deviations are approximately equal in magnitude.

Basic Exophoria

It is indicated when a significantly large exo deviation at far is combined with a high AC/A ratio.

Divergence Excess

T or F: Divergence Insufficiency is the least prevalent of eso cases.

True

In Divergence Insufficiency, there is a significant esophoria (high tonic convergence) at far combined with _____ AC/A

Low

It is characterized by a significant eso deviation at far and a moderate AC/A so that far and near angles of deviation are approximately equal.

Basic Esophoria

T or F: In Convergence Excess, it can be alleviated by use of minus lenses for reading or vision therapy

False

It is the common binocular dysfunction that can cause significant visual symptoms.

Convergence Excess

T or F: Convergence Excess is the case that typically is present with little to no esophoria at far.

True

It is an often overlooked binocular vision disorder characterized by abnormal binocular findings that do not fit into a specific pattern, or by mismatch between the patient’s symptoms.

Fusional Vergence Dysfunction

It is a common type of visual skills deficit found in kids with learning difficulties. It may be become more apparent in children between the ages of 5 and 13 years because of increased reading demands and symptoms noted during the act of reading.

Functional Ocular Motor Dysfunction

T or F: A Functional Ocular Motor Disorder typically affects pursuits, saccades, and fixation and gradual in onset.

True

This exhibits exo is greater at near and has a Low AC/A ratio

Convergence Insufficiency

T or F: Basic Esophoria exhibits exo equal at distance and near and has Normal AC/A ratio, while Basic Exophoria exhibits eso equal at distance and near and has Normal AC/A ratio

False

This exhibits eso greater at near and has a High AC/A ratio.

Convergence Excess

This exhibits exo greater at distance and has a High AC/A ratio

Divergence Excess

This exhibits eso greater at distance and has a Low AC/A ratio

Divergence Insufficiency

The prism that is used for treatment in Divergence Insufficiency is prism ________

Base Out

T or F: Individuals who have FOMD usually experiences frequent and repeated readings of lines, excessive head movements when reading and skipping words or sentence.

True

T or F: Individuals with FVD have blurred vision at a distance or near, they usually feel discomfort with near tasks and these symptoms increase over time or later in the day.

True

It is a diagnostic instrument that has beads and checks for simultaneous perception, fusion and stereopsis

Brock's String

T or F: A normal interpretation if a patient is looking at the middle bead, it would appear like this "X"

True

T or F: A normal interpretation if a patient is looking at the last bead, it would appear like this "/\"

False

T or F: A normal interpretation if a patient is looking at the first bead, it would appear like this "\/"

False

T or F: In demonstrating the stereofly test, it is a must to wear their Old Rx for doing the said test.

False

T or F: In Stereofly Test, the lower the amount in seconds, the lower the stereopsis/more detailed the depth perception is.

True

It is like a Stereofly Test, but is meant to be used for testing the children. Shapes and animals are used.

Randot Stereo Test

This is a tool that is used for testing accommodative facility. It is to test the shifting of focus in distances.

Flipper

T or F: Test target for Flipper is best line on reduced Snellen chart.

False

T or F: Normal cycles in Flipper Test is 10-15 cycles per minute.

True

It is a test to find out if there is fusion and binocular vision, or if there is suppression or diplopia in the patient.

Worth-4 Dot Test

T or F: The Worth 4-Dot Test is done at far and near.

True

T or F: In Worth 4-Dot test, if the patient sees only two and there are two red targets, that means the patient's OD is suppressed because they only saw red.

False

T or F: In Worth 4-Dot test, if the patient sees only two and there are two green targets, that means the patient's OD is suppressed because they only saw green.

True

T or F: In Worth 4-Dot Test, the Red lens is placed on OD, and green lens on OS

True

This method is used for measuring the deviation or to estimate by the help of a penlight

Krimsky

In Krimsky, London method is performed by placing the prism on the _________

Bad Eye

In Krimsky, USA method is performed by placing the prism on the _________

Good Eye

T or F: The term strabismus is used to describe any deviations whether Heterophoria for Manifest Strabismus or Heterotropia for Latent Strabismus

False

It is to describe an eye deviation that is the same in all positions of gaze or when it is the same when one or the other eyes fixates.

Comitant or Concomitant Strabismus

It is to describe an eye deviation that is not the same in all positions of gaze.

Non Comitant or Incomitant Strabismus

T or F: Comitant Strab can be easily managed with vision therapy

True

It is a condition in which one or other visual axis is not directed towards the fixation point.

Heterotropia

Acquired Strabimsus usually occured onset from being _____ months after birth

6 to 12

Congenital Strab occurs at birth or less than ____ months or one year.

T or F: A Congenital Eso have no awareness of diplopia, and has a normal or low AC/A

True

T or F: Acquired Eso have unilateral deviation and has presence of correspondence.

True

T or F: A tropia at intermittent can be eventually turn to a constant tropia within a period of time

True

T or F: Esotropia is more common than Exotropia

True

It is a condition where the eye turns inward or towards nasal

Esotropia

It is also referred to as congenital esotropia and a common form. It is onset typically during the first 6 months of life and is idiopathic.

Infantile Esotropia

T or F: Esotropia are always intermittent

False

It is characterized by hyperdeviation when the eye is adducted.

Overactive Inferior Oblique

Double hyperdeviation is observed during cover test where both eyes move downward and our or upon removal of occlusion

Dissociated Vertical Deviation

This deviation is present under all conditions and increases when accommodation is exerted. It exhibits a larger Esotropia at near than at distance and has a High AC/A ratio. This usually results from uncorrected hypermetropia.

Accommodative Esotropia

A type of accommodative esotropia where abnormal amounts of hyperopia are the cause factor.

Refractive Accommodative Esotropia

A Refractive Accommodative ET can be eliminated with the use of _________ lenses.

Plus

A type of Accommodative ET where an abnormally high AC/A ratio is the cause factor and hyperopic refractive error may be present.

Non-Refractive Accommodative Esotropia

The use of _____ lens is required to reduce esotropia at near in Non-Refractive Accommodative Esotropia

Add

T or F: Eye rubbing or eye closure are some examples of symptoms of Accommodative ET

True

It is a condition in which one eye deviates outward

Exotropia

This classification of Heterotropia has something to do with the muscle, like from phoria to tropia.

Primary

A classification of Heterotropia that is due to a cause.

Secondary

A condition in which one eye deviates outward

Exotropia

T or F: A Constant Exotropia starts with intermittent then become constant in time.

True

T or F: A patient closes one eye in photophobia is a symptom of Constant Exotropia

True

A type of Constant Exotropia that is present at birth, has a large angle, with alternating fixation.

Congenital/Infantile Exotropia

A type of Constant Exotropia that disrupts the binocular reflexes by acquired lesions, such as cataract.

Sensory Exotropia

A type of Constant Exotropiua that follows previous surgery for Esotropia.

Consecutive Exotropia

T or F: In Pseudoexotropia, the individual has a short interpupillary distance

False

In Burian's Classification, Basic Exotropia is __________.

D = N (within 10pd)

In Burian's Classification, Divergence Excess is __________.

D > N by 10pd

In Burian's Classification, Convergence Insufficiency is _________.

N > D by 10pd

It is a test used to differentiate if a misalignment is either a tropia or a phoria by the use of an occluder.

Cover-Uncover Test

T or F: In Cover-uncover test, the examiner quickly removes the occluder to restore binocular vision. The eye that was not occluded is observed for refixation movement.

False

Cover-uncover test: The covered eye moves nasally.

Exophoria

Cover-uncover test: The covered eye moves superiorly

Hypophoria

Cover-uncover test: The covered eye moves temporally

Esophoria

Cover-uncover test: The covered eye moves inferiorly

Hyperphoria

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