| Chromatids | The two identical halves of a single replicated chromosome and joined at the centrosome |
| Meiosis | a type of cell division that results in four genetically different daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell (also known as reduction division) |
| Crossing Over | process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis (also called gene shuffling) |
| Haploid (N) | term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes (Humans N = 23) |
| Diploid (2N) | term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homolgous chromosomes (Humans 2N = 46) |
| Non-Disjunction | Error in meiosis in which homologous chromosomes fail to separate, resulting in gametes with too many or too few chromosomes |
| Gamete | The result of meiosis is 4 gametes, or sex cells, that each contain half of the genetic information in the parent organism. |
| How many daughter cells are produced that are haploid? | Four |
| Tetrads | Tetrads are the two homologous chromosomes that are attached together. Also called synapsis. |
| What are the different phases of Meiosis 2 in order? | Prophase 2, Metaphase 2, Anaphase 2, Telophase 2, and Cytokinesis. |
| Mitosis | first stage of cell division in eukaryote cells, which is division of cell nucleus |
| Chromatid | one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome |
| Centrosomes | usually located near the middle of chromatids.Each pair of chromatids is attached at an area called the ... |
| Interphase | life of a cell as one cell division after another seperated by an "in between" period of growth |
| Prophase | Chromosomes become visible. Condensed chromosomes become attached to fibers in spindle at point near centromere of each chromatid. |
| Metaphase | chromosomes line up across center of cell. Microtubules connect the centromere each of chromosomes to two poles of spindle |
| Anaphase | Centromeres join sister chromatids split,allowing sister chromatids to separate and become individual chromosomes. |
| Telophase | chromosomes were distinct and condensed, begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material. A nuclear envelope re forms around each cluster of chromosomes. spindle begins to break apart and nucleolus becomes visible in each daughter nucleus. |
| Cytokinesis | Cytoplasm divides. Result 2 identical daughter cells.
Asexual reproduction - growth
regeneration- repair |
| Spindle | a fanlike microtubule structure that helps seperate the chromosomes. |
