| What is Sexual Reproduction? | -This is when Genetic Information from 2 Parents [Mom and Dad] is Combined to make an Offspring, which is Genetically Different from both Parent
-Pretty much the Sperm and Egg combine, so the DNA from both Combines |
| What is Gametes? What's Special about them? | -Simply Sex Cells, or just Sperm and Egg cells
-They only have Half the Number of Chromosomes [23] which gives them a name, Haploid |
| How many Chromosomes are in a Normal Human Cell? | -46
-This gives them the name, Diploid |
| What exactly happens in Fertilisation, in terms of Gametes?
How does it become an Embryo? | -The Male Gamete [Sperm] fuses with the Female Gamete [Egg] to make a Fertilised Egg, and this Egg will have a Full Set of Chromosomes, making it Diploid
-This Egg then becomes an Embryo through the use of Mitosis |
| What does the Embryo Inherit? | -It Inherits the Characteristics from Both Parents due to it gaining a Mixture of Chromosomes from Both Parents |
| What is Meiosis and why is it Different to Mitosis? | -Meiosis is simply a Type of Cell Division
-Its Special difference, is that it doesn't make Identical Cells, and that it makes 4
-It also only happens Reproductive Organs, so the Ovaries and the Testes |
| What happens in Meiosis [Division 1] | -Before the Cell divides, it first Duplicates its DNA, to make sure there's enough for the New Cell, so One Arm of each X Shaped, is an Identical of the Other Arm
-It then Lines up in Pairs in the Centre of the Cell. One of the Chromosomes in the Pair came from the Organisms Mother, and one came from the Father
-The Pairs are then Pulled Apart, so now the new Cells have only 1 Copy of each Chromosome, so its still a Diploid Cell
-Remember, the New Cells will still have the Mixture of the Mothers and Fathers Chromosomes, and this is Important because Genetic Variation can then Occur in the Offspring |
| What happens in Meiosis [Division 2] | -The Chromosomes, again, Line up in the Centre of the Cell, but the Arms of the Chromosomes get Pulled Apart, same way as Mitosis
-This now makes 4 Haploid Cells, each having a Single Set of Chromosomes, and all being Genetically Different |
